Genetic Diversity And Selection Of Super Geographical Provenances Of Dendrocalamopsis Oldhami

Dendrocalamopsis oldhami is one of the important economical and ecotypic species of clumpy bamboo in south China, which is widely distributed in the southern regions of mid-subtropics, and there are different cultivation qualities in all planting regions. In order to settle the introduction problem and know heredity foundation and the range of ecological adaptation, the traits on phenotypic, qualities of shoot and DNA genetic marker were analyzed in all resource, geographic provenance that distributed in the main production region of China were collected for forestation, and excellent provenances were evaluated by growth period, production performance, ecological adaptability, etc.1. Phenotypic traits and qualities of shoot were studied among 12 provenances. The result showed that diversity of morphological and economic traits of D. oldhami are abundant. 12 main coefficient of variation(CV) of morphological traits are range 5.5% to 27.2%, the CV of live branch height, length and width of leaf, diameter of breast height, tree height are more than 10%. The significance level of correlation are different between botanic phenotypic traits of D. oldhami. The correlation between tree height, live branch height and length of leaf, width of leaf were significant and great significant, and significant between length, numbers of pieces and tree height, these traits are important morphological indicators about yield capability of D. oldhami. According to clustering analysis, the growth traits of bamboo and qualities of shoot are a few difference from different original, and there is certain correlation depended on soil and climate environment.2. An AFLP analysis system is established for genome DNA of 21 specimens from geographic provenances of D. oldhami and 2 species of Dendrocalamopsis. The 23 samples can be amplified by this system with twenty couples of selective primers. Obvious silver-staining bands can be found by electrophoresis separation with 6% metamorphic polyacrylamide gel in PCR production, and 2 species of Dendrocalamopsis can be distinguished easily. Whereas, there are a few polymorphic band among the amplification production in the samples.3. According to the Expressed Sequence Tags(EST) database about Bambusa oldhamii in GenBank, sixteen couples of primers were designed. The amplified production of PCR by 5 couples of primer were complete mapped genome, there were simple sequence repeats(SSRs) markers. Twenty-four specimens of genome DNA were tested by 5 couples of primer, no polymorphic bands be found through the amplified productions by 2 couples of primer, and none of 21 samples except samples from Guangzhou provenance, samples of Dendrocalamopsis edulis and D.basihirsuta by 3 couples of primer.4. Under overwintering condition, the properties were analyzed including the activity of protective enzymes and the content of soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters from different provenance. The range of cold resistance of provenance are as follows: Wenzhou> Fuan> Youxi >Zhangzhou, and the membership degree value from Wenzhou is much higher than from others, that is the best explanation of higher cold resistance from Wenzhou than from others.5. The results of evaluation on traits and genetic parameters shows that the survival rates of planting are different among geographic provenances in 2 test sites, the period of shoot growth are similar. 9 provenances accomplished normal growth, and easily adapted to the ecologic climate conditions in Zhangzhou site. The height and diameter growth were significant difference between the youth and adult forest. The stability of shoot products were analyzed, the value from high to low as follows:D2, D3, D1, D5, D7, D9, D6, D4, D8. Overall, the shoot products tend to be stable after the crown closed. The result of study on traits of leaf shows that there are difference of leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, and respiration rate between different provenance, and the difference of orders of different index. The same results were brought not only by five-grade evaluation on ecological adaptability and ability of shoot yield, but also by principal component analysis on main traits. Superior provenances adapting to the south of sub-tropic were selected, and the practical plus range from 6.2% to 34.6% in average.