The Effect Of Dietary Enegy On Growth Performance And MSTN Gene Expression In Landes Geese And Xupu Geese

Landes geese and Xupu geese are the main kinds domestic fatty liver geese in China currently.Breeding fatty liver geese is one of the most important aspects in the development process of geese industrialization.Most researchers consider ME levels exert more greater influence on earlier period geese gain than protein level,but up to the present,there are no researchers who research a energy factor to the geese kind specifically.The earlier growth performance rule of landes geese and Xupu geese,the standard of feasible ME nutrition needing beyond earlier period and over-feeding in this two kinds of geese were researched connected with the earlier period growth performace, the carcass traits,MSTN gene expression,IGF-Ⅰand GH level in serum which closely related with growth development.The results summarized as follows:Experiment 1 Effect of Energy on Male Landes Geese Growth Performance on 0-70 Days StageObjective:To research effect of different ME level on growth performance,the carcass trait,body measurement,serum Parameters,hormone level and muscle composition of male landes geese in pre-overfeeding(0-70 days).Methods:90 0-day-old Landes geese about similar body weight each were used to study the effects of diets containing different metabolic energy levels(0～21d:13.38MJ/kg,12.13MJ/kg and 10.87MJ/k. 22～70d:13.81MJ/kg,12.55MJ/kg and 11.30MJ/kg) through adding soybean oil with equal CP%on bird growth performance,dressed performance,the carcass traits,body measurement,partial serum parameters and IGF-Ⅰ,GH levels in serum.Results:(1) The best ME to male geese is 12.13MJ/kg(0-21d) and 12.55MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.(2) Using soybean oil as energy adding,the dressed carcass percentage,eviscerated carcass weight rate,semi-eviscerated carcass weight rate,leg muscle rate of male landes geese were showed no significantly differences(p＞0.05) between these treatments.(3) Protein content in landes male geese's muscle was all beyond 21%whatever fed with any kinds of energy.Total fattiness content of chest and leg muscle increased with daily food energy concentration,in this experiment that of♂Ⅰwhich food intake energy was the highest respectively higher 24.22%and 34.73%than that of♀Ⅲwhich food intake energy was the lowest;each composition content in chest muscle was larger than that in leg muscle.(4)TG,LDL and HLDL in serum were showed no significantly differences(p＞0.05) between these treatments at 21d; at 70d,the AST,LDL and HLDL in serum were showed no significantly differences (p＞0.05).(5) IGF—Ⅰlevel in serum at 21d was higher than that at 70d except♂Ⅲ.IGF-Ⅰlevel showed significantly differences(p＜0.05) at 21d.Male landes geese's GH levels in serum at 21d was increased with ME,at 70d,that difference of all groups was unremarkable(p＞0.05).Experiment 2 Effect of Energy on female Landes Geese Growth Performance on 0-70 Days StageObjective:To research effect of different ME levels on growth performance,the carcass trait,body measurement,serum Parameters,hormone level and muscle composition of female landes geese in pre-overfeeding(0-70 days).Methods:According to the design of experiment 1 above.Results:(1) The best ME to female geese is 13.38MJ/kg (0-21d) and 13.81MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.(2) Muscle basic composition analysis of 70d female landes geese showed the dry material content of leg muscle was higher than chest muscle about 4.58%,0.21%and 10.29%in the same treatment,total fattiness content of leg muscle was higher than chest muscle about 1.53%,6.91%and 1.88%in the same treatment.(3) Using soybean oil as energy adding,the TG,LDL and HLDL in serum were showed no significantly differences (p＞0.05) between these treatments at 21d.At 70d,the AST,LDL TC AKP and HLDL in serum were showed no significantly differences(p＞0.05).(4) IGF—Ⅰlevel in serum at 21d was higher than that at 70d each treatment.IGF-Ⅰlevel showed no significantly differences(p＞0.05) at 21d,while it showed significantly differences(p＜0.05) at 70d,; female landes geese's serum GH level at 21d was increased with ME.Experiment 3 Effect of Energy on Xupu Geese Growth Performance on 0-70 Days StageObjective:To research effect of different ME level on growth performance,the carcass trait,body measurement,serum Parameters,hormone level and muscle composition of Xupu geese in pre-overfeeding(0-70 days).Methods:According to the design of experiment 1 above.Results:(1) The best ME to Xupu geese is 13.38MJ/kg (0-21d) and 13.81MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.(2) The carcass rate,eviscerated carcass rate,semi- eviscerated carcass rate,abdomen fat ratio and chest muscle rate were significant(p＜0.05) compared to the second group and the other two groups.As for subcutaneous fat layer thickness and intermuscle fat thickness,diversity were significant(p＜0.05) amone three groups.Abdomen fat weight and abdomen fat ratio of the second group were high than other two groups(p＜0.05).(3) Protein content of breast and leg muscle of Xupu geese which intake different energy diety has not significant diversity among three groups.Total lipids of chest muscle of the first group higher 4.46%,8.66%than the second and the third group,respectivelly.Total lipids of leg muscle of the first group higher 4.99%,11.63%than the second and the third group respectivelly.(4)There have no significant differences(p＞0.05) of IGF-Ⅰlevels at 21d or 70d.GH levels in serum of Xupu geese at 21d were low than its at 70d. Conclusions of Experiment 1-3:(1) The best ME to male geese is 12.13MJ/kg(0-21d) and 12.55MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.The best ME to female geese is 13.38MJ/kg(0-21d) and 13.81MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.The best ME to Xupu geese is 13.38MJ/kg(0-21d) and 13.81MJ/kg(22-70d) in order to obtaining the best growth performance.(2)In this experiment,ME could influence body sizes in limited range;(3) ME influence some parameters which have closely relation with growth performance like slaught weight of male landes geese,eviscerated carcass weight,semi-eviscerated carcass weight,breast muscle weight,leg muscle weight and abdominal fat weight of landes geese were showed significantly differences(p＜0.05) between these treatments;but dressed carcass percentage,eviscerated carcass weight rate,semi-eviscerated carcass weight rate,leg muscle rate of landes geese were showed no significantly differences(p＞0.05) which effected by ME level.(4)ME levels influenced Xupu geese's dressed carcass percentage, eviscerated carcass weight,semi-eviscerated carcass weight rate,abdominal fat rate and breast muscle rate significantly(p＜0.05).(5)Muscle lipid content of landes geese was higher than it of Xupu geese.CP,total lipid and DM content of male landes geese were higher than those of female landes geese,and the chemical constitution of geese muscles would changed with ME levels.(6) GH levels in serum were influenced by ME levels, while there was a positive relationship between them;IGF-Ⅰlevels in serum has no relationship with ME levels.Experiment 4 The Research of MSTN Gene Clone and energy Influence on MSTN Gene Expression in Landes Geese and Xupu GeeseObjective:Cloning of MSTN gene of Landes geese and Xupu geese the relationship was researched between MSTN gene expression and different energy diets or IGF-Ⅰ,GH in serum in order to know the function of MSTN gene and provide information for molecular nutriology and breeding of waterfowl.Methods:Genome RNA was extracted from muscle of Landes geese and Xupu geese,MSTN gene mRNA was amplified by using RT-PCR,the PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector.The MSTN gene was isolated and sequenced from the positive clones screened Based on the MSTN gene clone, usingβ-actin as inner control,constructing an optimal semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, the difference of MSTN gene expression at 21 and 70 days by feeding different energy diets,at one time we detected IGF-Ⅰand GH in serum.Results:(1) The unique DNA fragment about 1128bp in length was obtained.Sequence analysis revealed that it has a length of 1128 nucleotides which encodes a 375 amino peptide.Compared with homologous sequence of human,rat,duck and goose,it displayed a fairly high degree conservation.The homologue of the nucleotide sequence are 94%,94%,99%respectively, the homologue of the amino acid sequence are 98%,97%,98%sespectively.(2) At 21 days,the expressions of MSTN in Landes geese or Xupu geese were showed no significantly differences.(3) At 70 days,the expression of MSTN in male wasⅠ＞Ⅲ＞Ⅱby 70d,to female wasⅢ＞Ⅱ＞Ⅰby 70d,to Xupu geese wasⅢ＞Ⅱ＞Ⅰby 70d.(4) In 21～70 days period,the expression of MSTN was changed with IGF-Ⅰin serum,it was not associated with GH in serum.GH was significant correlations with energy.Conclusions: The different energy influenced MSTN gene expression of landes geese and Xupu geese; in this period,the MSTN gene expression was associated with IGF-Ⅰin serum,but it was not associated with GH in serum.