Study On Transfer Of Nuclear Male Sterility In Flowering Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Parachinensis Bailey)

This study one nucleoplasm interaction sterile sources and two nucleolus sterile sources sterility of the characters compared to determine the source of nucleolus sterile source A₂ sterility of the most stable performance.At the same time,the use of chinese nuclear male sterile source of A₁ and A₂ nuclear sterile gene,genetic male sterile gene is employed as the male sterile source in the study,while the hybridization transfer method is adopted to transfer male sterile gene into flowering chinese cabbage varieties according to the Multiple Allele Hypothesis of the genetic male sterility.After four-year transfer,results obtained are as follows:1.Fertile plants(Msf₁MS₁) containing a sterile source A1of infertility gene(Ms₁) in long-day conditions of low temperature performance of infertility,and the fertility by transplanting and planting density have a greater impact;"Type A" dual-use infertile plants(Ms₁Ms₁) and the male sterile line(Ms₁ms₁) of sterility performs stability undern different circumstances.2.Fertile plants(Msf₂Ms₂)containing a sterile source A2of infertility gene(Ms₂)of "Type A" Male Sterility dual-use lines indifferent temperature and light conditions,fertility performance of a more stable and free from transplanting and planting density;"Type A" dual-use infertile plants(Ms₂Ms₂) and the male sterile line(Ms2ms2) of sterility performs stability undern different circumstances.The cabbage is used in breeding the ideal source of infertility.3.Through fertility genotype determination,Nuclear Male fertility gene in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49 is in line with the laws of genetic alleles, genotypes for fertility Ms^fMs^f.4.During the transferring Cabbage of the Nuclear sterile lines,infertility source of the nuclear option Should be in accordance with parental Genotypes to consider the source of infertility option.In the hybrid should have at the same time Ms^f,Ms,ms three gene.Another consideration should be sterile source material to be trasferring varieties with agronomic characters similar to the extent.Sterile source material to be trasferring varieties with agronomic characters similar,a new breeding sterile line of stability faster, the higher the degree of uniformity.5.A new sterile line by hybrid transferring breeding is single cross hybrid,and it,s breeding is a greater variety of genetic differences.This selection of a sterile line in the genetic is not to be a sterile line of trasferring varieties,but a new sterile lines or similar types of to be trasferring varietie.Therefore,hybrid transferring breeding can select to be trasferring varietie or a new infertility line.6.During the transfer process,'Selection within a unique line' and 'Selection among lines' are compared.And the sample amount of 'Selection among lines' that has a bigger selection space are several times more than that of 'Selection within a unique line'.As a result,a relatively smaller difference in genetic background between the same type plants and parents,between selected 'AB line Typeâ… ' and 'temporary maintainer line',and between selected male sterile line and parents,as well as the low heterozygosity would be achieved depending on 'Selection among lines',which has been proved in the transfer practice of the study.Therefore,'Selection among lines' has better performance than 'Selection within a unique line' in the selection of progenies during the hybridization transfer.7.Breeding"AB line typeâ… " with "temporary maintainer line"biology of different characters, using visual methods to identify easily,but the difference in the small,the selection criteria of people have a greater impact.The departments through an integrated difference between the index,to reflect the visual can not determine the difference. Selected "AB line typeâ… " with "temporary maintainer line" between the small genetic differences,the preparation of the genetic male sterile lines of heterozygosity small.The preparation of the hybrid better uniformity.8.Backcrossing is a ideal method of Nuclear Male Sterility lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49.This test of Backcrossing methodâ… and Backcrossing methodâ…¡,in the transfer process algebra with the cabbage tend to gradually increase parental genetic characteristics,This test Backcrossing the forth generation plant biological characteristics and performance of the reincarnation of the pro-Recurrent very close and neat.9.During the Backcrossing methodâ… ,"selection among lines" in the pro-Recurrent (Backcross1-3generation) better than "selection in a unique line,mainly due to increased choice of sample size,an increase of pro-choice with this type strains of the opportunity, To speed up the breeding rate.In the latter-generation choice of infertility and fertility distribution "AB line typeâ… '",the selection of the best is"selection in a unique line".while distribution group to avoid "AB line typeâ… ",infertility and fertility there is a genetic differences and increase "AB line typeâ… '" genetic heterozygosity.10.Each backcrossing generationg through the pre-generation self-bred strains to identify backcross plant genetic heterozygosity,it's choose is ideal effect.Through the self-bred to make the process of backcrossing is not the expression of recessive traits in the self-bred offspring in part,it is conducive to backcross plant genetic heterozygosity,and increased the effect of choice,to speed up the progress of the backcrossing.11.Compareing Backcrossing methodâ…¡with Backcrossing methodâ… comparison, Backcrossing methodâ…¡much better than the speed of Backcrossing methodâ… .And breeding "AB line typeâ… " in the second and third generations to choose a small sample size,selection 'temporary maintainer line' in the third generation Select a small sample size so that fertility to reduce the work load significantly.Backcrossing methodâ…¡. pro-Recurrent can be self-bred out of some of the negative traits,speed up the progress of Backcrossing.I think in the process of Backcrossing,the best way of the Backcross plant and the parent of the 1-2 for the slef-bred and then continue to Backcross with the parent,this will eliminate recurrent parent other than the parent's dominant and recessive characters,in this way we can get more better"AB line typeâ… " and 'temporary maintainer line' that it's homogeneity in the recurrent parent genetic.we can get a high degree of genetic homogeneity of Sterility 100%lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49.12.In the process of backcross Nuclear Sterility dual-use lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49,the speed"selection among lines" faster than "selection in a unique line'"' and fast advance 1-2 on behalf of to achieve the goal and backcross generations materials agronomic traits closer to Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49.There is no significant difference Recurrent parent Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49 with BC2 material plant exterior shape by selection in a unique line.but BC2 material plant exterior shape by selection among lines has significant difference with the recurrent parent.The main performance for leaf length,petiole length,angular divergence,main stalk height,main stalk diameter,single plant weightand other agronomic traits still higher than the recurrent parent.The plant morphology of BC₃ accessed by the choice of "selection among lines have"and"selection in a unique line" is similar to recurrent parent,all the investigated agronomic traits of plants and recurrent parent was no significant difference.Only main stalk diameter of the BC₃ accessed by the choice of "selection in a unique line" was highter than recurrent parent.The plant morphology of BC₄ accessed by the choice of "selection among lines have"and"selection in a unique line" is similar to recurrent parent,all the investigated agronomic traits of plants and recurrent parent was no significant difference,Visual neatly in line.On the whole,"selectionamong lines have" more effective and speed than "selection in a unique line".13.During the pilot survey,two cytoplasm Sterility lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49agronomic traits and biochemical indicators of traits no significant difference.14.The combining ability of cytoplasm nuclear male Sterility lines in Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(BA₂) proform weaker than Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(SY),cytoplasm nuclear male Sterility lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(BA₂).agronomic traits of cytoplasm nuclear male Sterility lines in Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(BA₂) such as plant height,floral leaf number leaf length,leaf width,,petiole length,petiole diameter,petiole deep,main stalk height,main stalk diameter,single plant weight and so on show a negative effect,but angular divergence show positive effect.15.Agronomic traits of cytoplasm nuclear male Sterility lines in Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(BA₂) such as plant height,floral leaf number leaf length leaf width,, petiole length,petiole diameter,petiole deep,main stalk height,main stalk diameter,single plant weight,angular divergence and so on show a positive effect, close to the value of Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49(SY).it show better co-ordination of them but also between the general performance of the force with basically the same.Further showed that Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49 transfer of nuclear male sterile line bred,sterile gene did not affect the general combining ability.16.Two cytoplasm Sterility lines in Flowering Chinese Cabbage of YOUQING NO.49.in the heart with special force on the performance of different.17.eleven agronomic traits of the broad heritability of the size of the order:petiole diameter) plant height) main stalk height) leaf length) petiole length) single plant weight) main stalk diameter) floral leaf number) leaf width) petiole deep) angular divergence,eleven agronomic traits of thenarrow heritability of the size of the order:petiolelength) single plant weight) leaf length) main stalk diameter) petiole diameter) main stalk height) plant height) floral leaf number) petiole deep) angular divergencer) leadwidthCharacters in the middle-high heritability of these traits easily affected by external factors,genetic stability of the better...