Analysis Of Natural Antioxidents In Different Color Wheat Varietise

Colored grain wheat, naturally occurs with special colors such as red, blue, purple, and black, is a precious germplasm resource as well as the basis for culturing new varieties. Wheat grain color was controlled by genes, but also by the environment conditions such as light, temperature and fertilization, etc. Wheat is a major source of nutrients for humans as well as livestock, and also contains antioxidant activity of biological in vitro. Colored grain wheat is also recognized as a significant source of antioxidants which promote health and reduce the risk of disease.Wheat naturally contains numerous classes of antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, VE, carotenoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, lignans, sterols and others. Basic wheat pigments include xanthophylls, carotenoids, anthyocyanins, anthocyanins are known to exhibit good antioxidant activity. In this study determination the contents of tricin,vitamin E and B vitamins in wheat grains, and the correlations between tricin ,vitamin E and B vitamins with the total anthocyanin content in the grain were also analyzed. The main results as follows.1.The anthocyanins in Wheat grainA systematic method for anthocyanin identification using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) coupled to Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with photo-diode array detection (PDA) was developed ,including full scan, parent scan, daugther scan, to isolation and identification of anthocyanins in colored wheat grain. Wheat grains were extracted by ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE) of anthocyanins with 90% methanol-water solution (containing 0.5% formic acid), purification on SPE C18 was then performed. Identified 14 kinds of anthocyanins: delphinindin- glucoside/galacoside, delphinindin- rutinoside, cyanidin- glucoside/galacoside, cyanidin-rutinoside, petunidin-rutinoside, peonidin- glucoside/galacoside, peonidin-rutinoside, malvidin-rutinoside, cyanidin-malonyl glucoside, peonidin-malonyl glucoside, cyanidin-(No Identified), peonidin -rutinosides, malvidin-rutinosides, peonidin-glucoside.The result showed that cyanidin- glucoside/galacoside, cyanidin-rutinoside, peonidin- glucoside/galacoside and peonidin-malonylglucoside are ubiquitous existed in Black Wheat 76 and it sib-lines of their hybridized offspring; cyanidin- glucoside/galacoside, cyanidin-rutinoside, peonidin- glucoside/galacoside, peonidin-malonylglucoside are ubiquitous existed in Dongjian series; cyanidin-rutinoside are ubiquitous existed in all colored grain wheat.2.The correlations between tricin and the total anthocyanin contentTricin (4′, 5, 7-trihydroxy-3′, 5′-dimethoxyflavone), an important natural active substance,was found to be the dominant flavone pigment in wheat. A specific Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to accurately determine tricin content in wheat varieties with different color grains. Spectrophotography was used to determine the content of anthocyanins in wheat grain. The results showed that the tricin content in wheat was gene-regulated, Significant heterobeltiosis was achieved through sexual hybridization for breeding wheat cultivars with high tricin content. The contents of tricin and total anthocyanin in wheat grain showed a strong positive correlation. The tricin content was high in colored wheat grain, especially in deeply colored grain.3.The correlations between Vitamin E Contents and the total anthocyanin contentA specific Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method was developed to accurately determineα-VE,β-VE+γ-VE,δ-VE and total VE contents. The correlation between vitamin E and the total anthocyanin content in the grain were analyzed. The results showed that the content of vitamin E and the content of anthocyanins in wheat grain showed a strong positive correlation. The total pigment content may be use as a selection index for high vitamin E contents in wheat breeding.4,Correlation between the Contents of B vitamin and Total anthocyanin contentThere are variety of B vitamins in wheat grain, such as thiamine, riboflavin and pyridoxine. A specific Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method was developed to accurately determine content in wheat varieties with different color grains. The results indicated that there are essential differences for B vitamins content of wheat grains among genotypes, controlled by genetic effects. Genetic improvement can raise the B vitamins content of wheat grain. Significant heterobeltiosis was achieved through sexual hybridization for breeding wheat cultivars with high B vitamins content. The contents of B vitamins and total anthocyanin in wheat grain did not show significant correlations. Deep colored grain of wheat was not rich in B vitamins.