| The virus and tumor diseases are serious harmful to human and animals'health.Most of tumors were associated with virus.Most of tumors were associated with virus.The present antiviral and anti-tumor drugs have many side-effects, so how to find a new drug with better curative effect and lessside-effects is the main problem medicine worker concerning.Chinese traditional medicine has affirmative curative effect and almost least toxic reaction.The resource of Chinese traditional medicine is abundant.Chinese traditional medicine has particular advantages in treating diseases.Research of the past few decades showed that the comparative advantages of Chinese medicines in preventing and treating viral infection are as follows.(1)They have a wide spectrum effect of killing or inhibiting the viruses.(2)They can initiate the preventative ability of organism and regulate the immune function.(3)They are more safe and do not have obvious poisonous or side effect.The disadvantage of dysbacteriosis and double infection is very small.Now,traditional Chinese medicine Venenum Bufonis have been confirmed that which have immunity regulated function, anti-virus, anti-tumor, local anaesthesia,boost pressure, et al. Venenum Bufonis had important position in clinical application because of its anti-tumor and immunity regulated actions and other actions.But the chemical components of Venenum Bufonis were complex, immune activity ingredients and chemcial structure of active components were not clear. So these bringed difficulties to clarify its mechanisms at the molecular level up, it was difficult to control administration in clinic and pharmacodynamic reproducibility was low. In recent years, the studies of immunological activity of Venenum Bufonis preparations had some reports, but it only detected the function index of immunologic system, and did not expound the mechanism of immunologic enhancement at the molecular level up.Analysis of recently reports about toad venom injection, we conclude that there are some elements in the toad venom injection may have immune modulate activity.Toad venom injection is a natural Chinese traditional medicine. Double effect of toad venom injection in immune modulate and antitumor decide it has much potential and need us to develop it.In vitro study shows that toad venom injection has strong effect on immunomodulate.Toad venom injection stimulated cell proliferation of splenocytes, enhanced peritoneal macrophages energy metabolism and activation of Natural killer cells. Toad venom injection also increased CD4+CD8—and CD4+CD8—cell population and S period cell population. Furthermore, several cytokines were examined by ELISA. We found that the level of Th1(IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ),Th2(IL-4)significantly increased after toad venom injection treatment, only Th2 cytokine IL-10 decreased. These results showed that toad venom injection might have very good immune modulatory effect.In the present studies, toad venom injection at different dosages increased proliferation of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages significantly without any stimulation. The effect was enhanced by presence of either LPS or Con A. So toad venom injection could enhance both cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Toad venom injection enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ cell population experiment supported these conclusions further.NK cells are a important part of natural immune system and play a important role in animal antivirus and antitumor. So we demonstrated that toad venom injection significantly enhanced NK function to kill target Yac-1 cells. From the above conclusion, it showed that toad venom injection could not only enhance acquired immune response but also be able to activate the natural immune response. Due to the diversity of vivo and vtitrol experiment, we think that toad venom injection especially the vivo experiments for test its activities.Toad venom injection has been recognized as a traditional Chinese medicine.Its anti-disease effect has been realized by world wide. Although some study illustrates that toad venom injection could modulate immune system, use as an immunologic adjuvant.But there is no any evidence which can demonstrate the really effect of toad venom injection on anti-virus and the tumor induced by virus, so we do more work.Marek's Disease, a highly infectious lymphoproliferative disease in chickens, is caused by an alphaherpesvirus-Marek's disease virus (MDV), resulting in T cell lymphomas in visceral organs and peripheral nerves. Now, MD still is a major threat to the poultry production in the world. Vaccines against MDV are available, but immune defeat sometimes happens, resulting in MD breaking in some regions. And moreover, MD, served as an important animal model of viral oncogenesis, has offered important contributions to veterinary medicine basic science and comparative oncology.The most important contribution of our work is makes it clear that which method take part in the pathway toward toad venom injection play its anti-virus effect which has never been built before. We compared attack rate, mortality and average life span, tumor rate and weight; estimate the anti-tumor effect of toad venom injection in vivo. The result suggest that toad venom injection got excellent anti-MD activity, the result significantly higher that the control group. At the same time toad venom injection play an surprisingly effect on reduce the rate of tumor appear in the chicken, there is also result that toad venom injection can promote the immune organs development, enhance the resistance to virus infection.According to the experiments, we explored the influence of Venenum Bufonis on immunological function in vitro. The results of this study will benefit to the further research on the immunoenhancer of Venenμm Bufonis.
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