Study On The Main Substance Substance Of Patchouli Oil In Inducing Apoptosis Of Prostate Cancer Cells

Obejctive:To research the inhibitory effect of patchouli oil and its main monomer composition patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone on the proliferation of human androgen independent prostate cancer cell line PC3, DU145in vitro. With induce tumor cells apoptosis as a starting point to discusse the mechanism of inhibitory effect on tumor cells of drugs. Using the tumor-burdened nude mice model of PC3cells, verify the antitumor effect and the mechanism of patchouli oil inMethods:Human androgen independent prostate cancer cell line PC3, DU145were cultured in vitro. Investigating the antitumor effect of different concentrations of patchouli oil, cell viability was estimated using MTT assay, calculate the IC50. Establish the prostate cancer model in vivo with Balb/c nude mice, observe the impact of patchouli oil through intraperitoneal injection to tumor size, body weight, the relative tumor proliferation rate T/C(%) and general situation in mice. After the PC3, DU145cells were treated with different concentrations of pachouli alcohol, patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone, the apoptosis morphology was observed by transmission electron microscope, cell cycle and cell apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry, western blot was used to test cysteine aspartic acid proteinase3(Caspase-3), B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2protein (Bcl-2), the Bcl-2X associated protein (Bax), Bcl-2-homologous antagonist/killer (Bak) and the Livin protein expression, clear the mechanism of inhibitory effect on the proliferation of tumor cells.Results:In vitro, pachouli alcohol and its main monomer composition patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC3, DU145cells in dose and time-dependent manners which be detected by MTT method. The IC50of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone to the PC3cells for24hours were89.68μg/ml,167.64μg/ml,211.02μg/ml, for48hours were79.89μg/ml,101.37μg/ml,105.44μ/ml, and after72hours the IC50were66.74μg/ml,60.37μg/ml,94.66μg/ml. The IC50of patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone to the DU145cells for24hours were109.64μg/ml,56.88μg/ml,649.41μg/ml, for48hours were93.70μg/ml,63.31μg/ml,32.71μg/ml, and after72hours the IC50were86.88 μg/ml,52.45μg/ml,36.83μg/ml. Results show that patchouli oil was better than patchouli alcohol and patchoulenone on the role of inhibitory effect on tumors. And in direct action, the inhibitory rate of patchouli alcohol on PC3, DU145cells were higher than patchoulenone. Apoptosis of PC3and DU145cells were detected by transmission electron microscopy after using patchouli oil, pachouli alcohol and patchoulenone. The apoptosis rate was increased significantly which compare with the control group (P<0.05). Patchouli oil, pachouli alcohol and patchoulenone arrested the PC3and DU145cell cycle at G0/G1and G2/M phase (P<0.05), and enhance Caspase-3, Bax, Bak protein expression, and reduce Livin, Bcl-2protein expression in PC3and DU145cells. In vivo, compared with control group, tumor proliferation of PC3in Balb/c nude mice could be inhibited by patchouli oil, and the effect intensity was closely relative to the drug dose.Conclusion:Patchouli oil, pachouli alcohol and patchoulenone could inhibit the proliferation of PC3, DU145cells in vitro, which may be correlated with inducing the cell apoptosis and G0/G1phase arrest. Patchouli oil still has the inhibitory effect to PC3tumor proliferation in Balb/c nude mice in vivo.