| Liver cancer is a kind of common malignant tumor in China with high degree of malignity, and high incidence of recurrence and metastasis. Despite the persistent development of treatment methods in recent years, the long-term follow-up result of liver cancer, on a whole, is still unsatisfied and the prognosis is very inclement. So preventive measure may be the best way to reduce the incidence of liver cancer in current. Abnormal proliferation of body cells is the main characteristic of carcinogenesis that appears earlier. To explore drugs which can affect malignant proliferation of hepatocyte no doubt has important value for chemical prevention to hepatocarcinoma. In recent years, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on cancer prevention has aroused more and more instersts and many studies have proved that some Chinese herbs may prevent liver cancer. However no effective preventive agent has been accepted generally because of uncertainty of pathogenesis, scattering of preventive studies, difference of principle of prescription and restriction of mechanism studies on one or two proteins and genes. Histochemical, immunochemical and in situ hybridizative methods and technique of computer image analysis were used in this study to investigate the variable trends of expression and correlation of some proteins and genes interrelated with abnormal proliferation of hepatocyte during periods of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and the effect of Ganfujian Granule, which is composed of drug-food double-duty herbs, taking "jian-pi-shu-gan" (invagorating spleen and soothing liver) as therapeutic principle and manufactured by our department. The purpose of the study is to screen out an applicable and effective liver cancer preventive agent of traditional Chinese medicine, to offer academic foundation for further clinic study and to spread out its application.1. Primary screening: effects of three traditional prescriptions on liver preneoplastic lesion in rats were compared. Qing-re-jie-du (exprelling toxin by cooling), huo-xue-hua-yu (activating blood flow and removing blood stasis), jian-pi-fu-zheng (invigorating spleen and strengthening body resistance) are three principles of liver cancer prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. In order to screen out an preventive prescriptions primarily, Solt-Farber two-step test model of preneoplastic lesion was established and the modifying effects of three kinds of Chinese medicines, represented by Ganfujian Granule, Sanshimao Capsule and Salvia Miltiorrhiza Compound Injection on expression of diagnostic enzyme were compared in the same condition by histochemical method. Results show that the toxic damage of DEN on hepatocytes was protected, and that the occurrence (number/cm2) and development (area) of liver precancerous positive (-GT foci were inhibited significantly by all three kinds of prescriptions, P<0.05. We proved in the study that the three traditional Chinese medicines can inhibit both initiative and promotive process in the periods of model via inhibiting the number of aberrant hepatocytes characterized by positive (-GT and proliferation initiated by DEN. Although there were no statistic differences between the three groups of Chinese prescriptions, Ganfujian Granule is superior to Sanshimao capsule and Salvia miltiorrhiza compound injection because it is composed of drug-food double-duty herbs, harmless to human body after long-term administration and easier to be accepted. 2. Effect of Ganfujian Granule on DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis and the abnormal expression of cell-cycle modulators, protein, oncoprotien and oncogene relating to proliferation of hepatocytes during periods of hepatocarcinoma. (1) Effect of Ganfujian Granule on occurrence of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer in experimental rats. DEN induced rats hepatocarcinogenesis model was established and interfered with Ganfujian Granule during the stage. Effect of Ganfujian Granule on occurrence of rats' liver cirrhosis and liver cancer was obs...
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