Studies On Active Components Of YIZHI Compositae Decoction

In order to investigate nootropic active chemical constituents of YIZHI compositae decoction, a kind of clinically proved recipe, compounds were isolated from the water extract of YIZHI compositae, bio-assayed with activities on anti-acetylcholinesterase (AchE). 38 compounds were obtained by using column chromatography of silica gel, non-polar macroreticular resin, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and HPLC. 36 of them were identified on the basis of spectral analysis (UV, IR, EI-MS, FAB-MS, 'H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR) and phytochemical properties as: emodin (1), physcion (2), chrysophanol (3), p-sitosterol (4), p-sitosterol-3-O-D-glucopyranoside (5), physcion-8-O-D-glucopyranoside (6), emodin-8--.D-glucopyranoside (7), 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-p-D-glucopyra-noside(8), ginsenoside Rbl (9), ginsenoside Rb2 (10), ginsenoside Rb3 (11), ginsenoside Re (12), ginsenoside Rd (13), ginsenoside Re(14), ginsenoside Rf( 15),ginsenoside Rgl(16), ginsenoside Rg2(17), ginsenoside Rg3(18), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3(19), ginsenoside Rhl(20), ginsenoside Rh2(21), panaxatriol(22), panaxadiol(23), icariin(24), icariside 1(25), icariside 11(26), rutin(27), epimedin C(28), epimedin B(29), epimedin A(30), sagittatoside A(31), sagittatoside B(32), 2"-O-L -rhamnosyl-icariside 11(33), icariin A(34), D-glucose(35), p-methoxylcinnamic aldehyde(36) Among them, compound 34 was a new compound, and all the left compounds were isolated from YIZHI compositae decoction for the first time. 34 was characterized as 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-6',6"-dimethylpyrano(2",3":7,8)-flavone-3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl(l--2)-L-rhamnopyranoside and named icariin A.The fraction of 70% ethanolic elution obtained after purification with macroporous resin was found to show strong activity to prevent and cure Alzheimer's disease by means of bioassay and HPLC-DAD-MS. Stilbene, ginsenosides and flavones were main active components.The quantitive and qualitative determination of the active components were carried out by the way of high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-mass spectrometry. The Diamonsil C18 column was used with mixtures of acetonitrile and 0.2%acid as the mobile phase in a gradient mode. The inter- and intra-assay precisions were below 8% and the recoveries were between 91% and 110%. This developed method could be used in the further study and the results were satisfactory.No obvious new compound was formed in the joint decoction of YIZHI compositae. The content of those active components were determined by means of HPLC-DAD-MS, both in the joint decoction and respective decoction. The content of stilbene in the joint decoction was similar to in the decoction of Radix Polygoni multiflori(RP). While compared the joint decoction with the respective decoction of Radix Ginseng rubra(RG) and Herba Epimedii(HE), it was found that the components were similar but the contents varied greatly. In the joint decoction, whether the combination of RG and HE or of all three above, the contents of ginsenoside Rg2, Rhl, Rg3 from RG and 2"-O-cc-L -rhamnosyl-icariside II, icariside II from HE increased obviously with time of decoction passing.Also stilbene was not stable when heating to boil. So percolation was used to extract stilbene from RP. RG and HE were decocting together in water. Orthogonal design test were used for selecting the best extracting technology and the purification conditions by absorption resins were optimized respectively. These two extracts were fully mixed at the ratio of weight of medicinal raw material, then the active fraction of YIZHI compositae decoction(C YZ) was obtained. The content of total active components of CYZ was up to 50%.Neotropical activity of CYZ was evaluated with several intellectual deficit animal models. The mice dementia model was induced by D-galactose. In order to find out the influence of CYZ on the models learning and memory capability and free radical metabolism system, Y-maze test was introduced for the former and SOD and MDA tests for the latter. Compared with the D-galactose model group, CYZ administratio...