| Background Heart transplantations(HTx) have become the effective therapy to sorts of terminal cardiopathy with progress of heart preservation ,surgical technique ,immunosuppressive and antiseptic drugs. However cardiac allograft vasculopathy(CAV) is main factor limiting the long-term survival of transplant patients. CAV at 1 year,3 years,5 years was 14%,37%,50% respectively examination by coronary angiography, the intinal hyperplasia assessed by intravascular ultransound(IVUS) up to 50% of transplant patients during the first year. The mortality of CAV patients at 1 year ,2 years was 45% ,75% respectively. Although the exact pathogenesis of CAV is poorly understood, some data suggest that it is a multifactorial disease involving immunological and nonimmunological risk factors. CAV is an accelerated form of coronary disease that is characterized by concentric fibrous intinal hyperplasia along the length of coronary vessels, causing by endothelial dysfunction, local inflammation, smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, followed by deposition of extracellular matrix proteins(ECM),lipoid and calcification contribute to local plaques. The diagnosis of CAV remains a change by angiography that lack sensitivity in detecting CAV and IVUS that a more sensitive method, but all lack the ability to evaluate the entire coronary trees. The...
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