| Nucleic acid and proteins are the material base of life, the research on which play an important role in the area of life sciences. Nucleic acid is an important biomacro-molecule and the carrier of genetic information. It is also the determination factor for species continuation and evolution. Protein is the most abundant important macro molecule and the base of various physiology activities in life. The quantitative analysis of nucleic acids and proteins is often involved in the biochemistry and other biological subjects, provides the important basis for the disease diagnoses and the test of therapeutical effects, and is the common analytical item in the food examination and the quality test of many biochemical medicines separation and purification. Pharmaceutical is used to prevent disease, cure disease and helps airframe to restore regular enginery; while pharmaceutical analysis have important action on the production of pharmaceutical, use of pharmaceutical and scientific research. Many methods have been used to determine pharmaceutical and biologic molecule. Chemiluminescence (CL) method is known to be a powerful analytical technique that possesses low detection limit, wide linear dynamic range and uses relatively simple and inexpensive instrumentation. When coupled with flow injection (FI) technique, CL method has the advantages of simple, rapid, and suitable for automatic and continuous analysis. So the research of Chemiluminescence became the forward position and hot point in the bioscience research. This thesis used the Chemiluminescence as the primary technique to study the Analytical method of nucleic acid, proteins and antibiotics.In the first section, we summarized the recent developments of the Chemiluminescence and the analytical applications for determination of pharmaceutical and biologic molecules. 193 references are cited here.In the second section, we studied the chemiluminescence reactions of KMnO4 with amoxycillin and phenol, respectively. Based on this, two sensitive flow injection-chemiluminescence methods for the determination of amoxycillin and phenol are proposed. In the first part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 and amoxycillin, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the formaldehyde. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for amoxycillin is obtained. The detection limit of amoxycillin is 1.5×10-8 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of amoxycillin in 2.0×10-8-1.0×10-6 g/mL range. The method is used for the determination of amoxycillin in the raw medicines and capsules, and the results are satisfactory. In the second part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 and phenol, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the formaldehyde. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for phenol is obtained. The detection limit of phenol is 3×10-9 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of phenol in the range 5.0×10-9-1.0×10-6 g/mL. The method is used for the determination of phenol in the waste water and compared with the 4-Aminoantipyrine spectrophotometry. The accuracy and precision of the method are satisfactory. The possible mechanism of the reaction is also discussed. (This work was published in Luminescence and Spectrochimica Acta Part A)In the third section, we studied the chemiluminescence reactions of KMnO4 with Penicillin G Potassium and ampicillin, respectively. Based on this, new flow injection-chemiluminescence methods for the determination of Penicillin G Potassium and ampicillin are proposed. In the first part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 and degradation product of Penicillin G Potassium, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the formaldehyde. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for Penicillin G Potassium is obtained. The detection limit of Penicillin G Potassium is 7×10-8 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of Penicillin G Potassium in 1.0×10-7-10×10-5 g/mL range. This method is applied to the determination of Penicillin G Potassium in the raw medicines, and the results are satisfactory. In the second part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of Ce(IV) and Ru(phen)32+, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the degradation product of ampicillin. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for ampicillin is obtained. The detection limit of ampicillin is 2×10-8 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of ampicillin in the range 2.0×10-7-4.8×10-6 g/mL. The method is successfully applied to the determination of ampicillin in the raw medicines. The possible mechanism of the reaction was also discussed. (This work was published in Luminescence)In the fourth section, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 with protein. Based on this, new flow injection-chemiluminescence methods for the determination of protein are proposed. In the first part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 and protein, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the Ru(phen)32+ . Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for protein is obtained. The detection limit of BSA is 2.5×10-7 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of BSA in 6.0×10-7 -1.0×10-4 g/mL range. The method is used for the determination of EA in the egg and compared with the UV spectrophotometry. The accuracy and precision of the method are satisfactory. In the second part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of KMnO4 and protein, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the formaldehyde. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for protein is obtained. The detection limit of BSA is 8.6×10-8 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of BSA in 4.0×10-7-1.0×10-4 g/mL range. The method is used for the determination of EA in the egg and compared with the UV spectrophotometry. The accuracy and precision of the method are satisfactory.In the fifth section, we studied the effect of nanoparticle on the chemiluminescence reaction, new sensitive chemiluminescence methods for the determination of nucleic acid, amino acid and indoleacetic acid are proposed. In the first part, we studied the catalysis of Ag-nanoparticle on Ce(IV)-Ru(phen)32+ chemiluminescence system, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the Ag-nanoparticle, the effects of grain diameter and concentration of nanoparticle were examined. In the second part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of Ag-nanoparticle-Ce(IV)-Ru(phen)32+ -nucleic acid and its analytical applications, the CL signal is enhanced by the DNA. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for NDA is obtained. The detection limit of DNA is 3×10-9 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of DNA in 1.0×10-7-1.0×10-5 g/mL range. The method is used for the determination of DNA in the synthetic sample, and the results are satisfactory. In the third part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of Ag-nanoparticle- Ce(IV)- Ru(phen)32+ -tyrosine and its analytical applications, the CL signal is decreased by the tyrosine. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for tyrosine is obtained. The detection limit of tyrosine is 5×10-9 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of tyrosine in the range 1.0×10-8-1.0×10-6 g/mL. The method is used for the determination of tyrosine in the synthetic sample, and the results are satisfactory. In the fourth part, we studied the chemiluminescence reaction of Ag-nanoparticle-Ce(IV)-Ru(phen)32+ -indoleacetic acid and its analytical applications, the CL signal is decreased by the indoleacetic acid. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph for indoleacetic acid is obtained. The detection limit of indoleacetic acid is 9×10-9 g/mL, the chemiluminescence intensity is linearly related to the concentration of indoleacetic acid in the range 1.0×10-8-1.0×10-6 g/mL. The method is used for the determination of indoleacetic acid in the synthetic sample, and the results are satisfactory. In the fifth part, the possible mechanism of the reaction was also discussed.The chief characteristics of this thesis are as follows:1. It is found that in acidic medium, potassium permanganate can oxidate amoxycillin or phenol accompanying by a weak CL signal, the CL signal is greatly enhanced by the formaldehyde; some antibiotic itself do not produce chemiluminescence, its degradation product also produces chemiluminescence keenly in the potassium permanganate-formaldehyde system or Ce(IV)-Ru(phen)32+ system. Based on this, sensitive flow injection-chemiluminescence methods for the determination of antibiotic and phenol are proposed. The methods have the merits of fast speed, high sensitivity and wide linear range, and have the obvious practical value.2. It is found that the Ru(phen)32+ or formaldehyde can greatly enhance weak CL signal of potassium permanganate-protein system. Based on this, sensitive flow injection- chemiluminescence methods for the determination of protein are proposed. The methods have the merits of fast speed, high sensitivity, wide linear range and few interference, and have the important practical value.3. It is found that silver nanoparticles have obvious catalytic effect on Ce(IV)-Ru(phen)32+ chemiluminescence reaction, and new sensitive chemiluminescence methods for the determination of nucleic acid, amino acid and indoleacetic acid are proposed. The methods have the merits of fast speed, high sensitivity and wide linear range. This research not only develops the nanotechnology, but also enriches the chemiluminescence method, thus has the important theory significance and the practical value.
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