Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Analytical Application In Heavy Metal Ion And Pharmaceutical Analysis

Chemiluminescence analysis(CL) can provide a high versatility in the determination of a wide variety of organic or inorganic substances, biological substances that exhibit bioactivities even at extremely low concentrations along with high sensitivity, wide linear range, rapidity, simplicity, which require only simple and low-cost-measuring devices. The noise from CL is much less than fluorescence method, because its excitation does not need any light source. A substance, which can affect CL reaction including the change of intensity, rate and wavelength, can be determined by CL method.However, most CL reactions can finish in several seconds and are prone to the environmental effect; thus, the use of CL assay in quantitative analysis is limited. When CL is combined with flow injection analysis (FIA), FIA-CL analysis can provide high efficiency and accuracy and becomes more and more important in many fields.This paper reports the researches and applications of FIA-CL analysis in environmental and pharmaceutical analyses.Chapter 1 ReviewThis part introduced the definition of CL, the mechanism and the detecting of CL, the classification of CL, and summarizes the common CL system and combination of CL with other techniques.Chapter 2 Determination of Neomycin sulfate by Flow-Injection Analysis Using Eosin Y-N-Bromosuccinimide-Chemiluminescence ReactionA simple sensitive and rapid flow injection chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of neomycin sulfate by chemiluminescence system of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and EosinY. Strong inhibition of chemiluminescence was observed when neomycin sulfate was injected into the mixture of NBS and EosinY. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 0.0009 to 0.01 mg/mL and 0.01 to 0.1 mg/mL with a detection limit of 1.6×10-6 mg/mL (S/N=3). The relative standard deviation of 0.01 mg/mL neomycin sulfate was found 3.5% (n=10). The influence of potential foreign substances was studied. The proposed method was successfully applied for the flow injection determination of neomycin sulfate in the real samples of neomycin ear drops.Chapter 3 Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Analysis of Caffeic Acid Based on N-bromosuccinimide-Fluorescein SystemA novel flow injection chemiluminescence method has been developed basing on the strongly enhancing effect of caffeic acid on the chemiluminescence reaction between N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and fluorescein in alkali medium. The present method allowed the determination of caffeic acid in the concentration range of 5.0×10 to 1.0×10-4 mol/L and the detection limit for caffeic acid was 2.7×10-8 mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 2.1% for 11 replicate analyses of 1.0×10-5 mol/L caffeic acid. The proposed method was applied to the determination of caffeic acid in caffeic acid tablets with satisfactory results.Chapter 4 Determination of Lead(Ⅱ) by Flow-Injection Analysis Using Luminol-Potassium Periodate Post-Chemiluminescence ReactionThe post-chemiluminescence (PCL) phenomenon arising from the potassium periodate-luminol reaction induced by lead(Ⅱ) was investigated. Strong PCL signal was observed when lead(Ⅱ) was injected into the mixture of potassium periodate and luminol in a flow-cell. The influencing factors on the PCL intensity of the system were investigated. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the present method allowed the determination of lead(Ⅱ) in the concentration range of 1.0×10-8 to 1.0×10-5 mol/L and the detection limit for lead(Ⅱ) was 2.3×10-10 mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 3.2% for 11 replicate analyses of 1.0×10-6 mol/L lead(Ⅱ). Combined with cotton cellulose xanthate for separation, the proposed method was applied to the determination of lead(Ⅱ) in real water samples with satisfactory results.Chapter 5 Post-Chemiluminescence of Tobramycin in the Luminol-Potassium Ferricyanide systemA new post chemiluminescence reaction was observed when tobramycin was injected into the reaction mixture after the finish of CL reaction of luminol and potassium ferricyanide. The flow injection PCL method for the determination of tobramycin was established. The relative standard deviation was 2.6% (n=11, c=0.01 mg/mL). The PCL intensity responded linearly to the concentration of tobramycin in the range from 0.0001 to 0.1 mg/mL with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The detection limit was 1.3×105 mg/mL tobramycin. The method has been applied to the determination of tobramycin in the tobramycin eye drops.