The Study On Molecular Mechanism Of Injury To Female Reproductive System And Skeleton Of SD Rats By Sports Fatigue

Objective: To build female SD rats AMI model due to over-loading exercise for the study of AMI in female athletes, to observe morphological and functional changes of reproductive system and skeleton under sports fatigue and explore its mechanism. Materiel and Method: 1. animal model: 140 healthy female SD rats, 3 month old, with normal menstrual cycle, were selected and divided into experimental group and control group randomly. No measure was taken to control group, while rats of experimental group were trained using over-loading swimming for 6 days per week, then after 1 day's break, another 6 days' training again until 22 days later. Detection of desquamated keratinocyte index of vagina was done at AM 8: 00～9: 00 every day for observe any possible changes on rats' menstrual cycle 2. When AMI model was founded successfully 22 days later, rats of 2 groups were killed, samples of blood, tissues of ovary gland, uterus, middle 1/3 of vagina and cerebral hemisphere were collected for morphological observation and measurement. Tissue slides were made for observation IMH detection and microscope and electric-microscope observations. 3. 2 samples of ovary gland from 2 groups respectively, gene differential expression profiles were constructed on the same pace according to the protocol from Qbio-gene Company. Bioinformatics analysis was used to compare altered genes between 2 profiles. 4. on the 22^nd days of experiment, bone mineral density of rats from 2 groups were measured using X rays, upper part of right femur and 4^th to 6^th lumber vertebrae were taken to check bone mineral density again. Results: 1. almost all the functional process of reproductive system, especially ovary gland, were interfered by over-loading exercise. Cellular structures changes were observed under microscope. Levels of E2, P, T, GH, C, SOD, etc. decreased in experimental group compared with control group (p<0.05). 2. measurement of mineral density of bones also showed that a decreasing tendency in experimental group. 3. Totally 3512 significant bands were displayed including 1802 of experimental ovary and 1710 in control tissue using RFDD-PCR. 354 bands were separated only in experimental group and 336 bands only in control group. Trough bioinformatics analysis on the differential expression profiles, over-expression members of UPS system were detected, including 3 PSs, 3 UPSs and UBE3A. Conclusion: sports fatigue can depress cellular function of rats' reproductive system especially ovary gland including secretion of sex hormone, changes of cellular structure, level of esterone, PH value in vagina etc., showed the injury of reproductive system and bones. The mechanism of these changes may result from extensive genes differentially expression, among them, the activation of UPS system should be put emphasis on.