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A Study On Folk Culture Of Horqin

Posted on:2016-04-14Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X Z TaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:1105330470962917Subject:Chinese Ethnic Language and Literature
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
This paper,on the basis of former studies, briefly introduced the term " Khorchin" and the history of Khorchin tribe in the first place. The Khorchin folk lyrics’text and its’corresponding legends, stories were collected and utilized thoroughly, and furthermore, the Mongolian traditional fork customs, cultural psychology were used as the basis for studies. The cultural study method, folk literature and art, religious study method, linguistic method and folklore study method were utilized to unveil the Mongolian religious culture, traditional folklore custom, linguistic culture and symbolic culture and moreover, the exotic cultural influences among the Khorchin folk song and ballads. We crystallized the historical and cultural values, values of appreciation which were immersed in the Khorchin folk songs. Also, the protection and development of Khorchin folk songs were emphasized and underlined.The paper consist from five parts, which are introduction, main contents (of four chapter) and conclusion.In the introduction, the study value, aims, methods, references and general facts in this study area were addressed.The first chapter consists of two parts, and the relation between the Khorchin folk songs and Khorchin historical, cultural and art tradition was mainly discussed. In the first part, the Khorchin history and culture was generally delivered, in which the origin of Khorchin tribe, their history, formation and development of the tribe, Khorchin cultural zone were included. In the second part, the formation and development of Khorchin folk song was narrated and it’s relation with Khorchin folklore tradition was discussed. By studying the Khorchin folk song and Khrochin folklore tradition, we further proved that Khorchin folk song originated and flourished from the great flora of oral art traditions and folk culture.The third chapter falls into three parts, in which we mainly discussed the relation between the Khorchin folk song and religious beliefs. The religious propensity demonstrated in the Khorchin folk song was elaborated in this chapter and by studying the relation between the Khorchin folk song and Shamanism, further with the Buddhist culture, we expounded the function of religious belief during the formation of Khorchin folk song and its great influence on the content and form. In the first part, we mainly discussed the religious environment of the society illustrated in the Khorchin folk song. By further analysis of the content and religious ideology, we principally elaborated the fire-offering, nature worship, ancestor worship, Tenggrism, soul and hell worship, Avalokitesvara worship, Loyo Burhan worship of Mongolians. In the second part, we primarily discussed the Shamanism rites, medical culture of Shamanism manifested in the Khorchin folk song and furthermore, the astounding influence of Shamanism on these folk songs was detailed. In the third part, the mutual dependence between the Khorchin folk songs and Buddhism was minutely examined. The detailed contents are as followed:First, how the monks and Lamas appeared in the folk songs, by using the medical methods, augury and composition of songs, influenced the contents and forms, composition and distribution of Khorchin folk songs. Second, the Buddhist canons, propagation of Buddhist canons and rituals, ideology eulogizing Buddhist temples which appeared in the folk songs were focused using the religious-social perspectives and the positive affect of Buddhism on the folk song was discussed. Third, the laziness, avarice and cruelty demonstrated by Lamas and monks in the folk song was also analyzed. Fourth, the folk heroes who bravely fights for the interests and dignity of people and the even the monks and Lamas who also combat for the human right and freedom can be found in great number in the folk song, which illustrated the negative and backward sight of Buddhism prevailed among the common folk of Mongols.The third chapter falls into three parts, in which the folklore cultures, including marriage custom, merchandise, educational traditions, were analyzed. In the first part, the marriage custom demonstrated in the Khorchin folk songs was discussed. We tried to decipher the Khorchin Hot-Orag custom, engagement, present-transferring custom, Murgulsen Eej custom, Day choosing custom and other taboos demonstrated in the folk songs. These customs and rituals were connected with Mongolian cultural tradition and further studied. In the second part, the merchandise or business customs manifested in the Khorchin folk songs were discussed and the role of businessman was elaborated. In the third part, the education customs immersed in the Khorchin folk song were studied, including respecting elders, socializing, protecting wild life and harmonious lifestyle etc.The fourth chapter consists of four parts, in which the special vocabularies and its’symbolic meanings were mainly discussed. In the first part, the agricultural glossaries, Chinese, Manchu vocabularies and words concerning Buddhism and Tibetans were elaborated. By studying the agricultural vocabularies, words borrowed from Chinese, Chinese-Mongolian mixed words and Khorchin styled words, we mainly discussed the daily Manchu vocabularies, social cultural related Manchu and Tibetan words appeared in folk song, and tried to unveil the relation between the folk song and the languages. In the second part, the peoples’names appeared in the folk songs were further analyzed. As a conclusion, the Khorchin Mongolians’names were based on the traditional Mongolian ideology. We found that Mongolians take names according to the traditional "Yisun Husel" which includes eternity, happiness, Child bearing hope, Knowledge, Health, Benevolence, Harmony, Good fortune and Affluence. Furthermore, we studied the Buddhist names, Tibetan names and Chinese names appeared in the Khorchin folk songs using the cultural linguistic method. In the third part, the curse mantras, incantation were elaborated. The Haral, Jugel, which means curse incantation vocabularies can be divided into wrath, denunciation, curse and education categories. The historical origin, utilization, aims and values of these special incantation were studied and effective utilization of positive, prosperous characteristics of these incantation, mantras was vowed. In the fourth part, the Black cart, crow and donkey role in the folk songs were analyzed, and the symbolic meaning hidden behind these roles were illustrated. Take for example, the Black cart appeared in Khorchin folk song is no only a transportation but also a symbol of social status, privilege and feudal marriage custom.In conclusion, this paper thoroughly studied the relations between the Khorchin folk song and its’religious belief, folk custom, dialect, symbolic meaning. Considering the historical cultural circumstances of Khorchin tribes, their folk songs are no only the important part of their oral tradition, but also the carrier of their social, historical and art value. These folk songs are the demonstration of their sentimental accumulation and aesthetic evaluation. Furthermore, the eminent role of Khorchin folk songs among the Mongolian cultural history was also elaborated. As an intangible cultural heritage, the great values hidden inside these folk songs should be cherished and protected. Also, the development of prominent traditional culture has its’own academic and realistic values.
Keywords/Search Tags:Khorchin, Khorchin Folk Song, Culture Study
PDF Full Text Request
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