Textual Structure Of Naxi Dongba And Its International Standard

Naxi Dongba characters are the world’s only living pictographs, which shapes are more primitive and simple than the Old Babylon cuneiform, ancient Egyptian text, Mayan words and Oracles. The study of Naxi Dongba characters has a high academic value to the origin and development of the characters also the history of the evolution of human civilization, which are the literal origins of human society, the development of a living fossil, and the precious cultural heritage. the main body of the article is composed of the shaped structures of Naxi Dongba characters and the international standardization, according to the 1188 characters in Naxi Dongba international standardization program which are carefully chosen and sorted out from Naxi Xiangxing Wenzi Pu. The whole paper is using Wang Ning’s theory of the Chinese characters, named configuration of Chinese characters, giving an exhaustive, quantitative and statistical analysis to the 1188 characters in Naxi Dongba international standardization program; meanwhile, as a starting point of the international standardization, the writer explains the Naxi Dongba national standardization’ s process and principles.In the aspect of the structures of shaped characters: 1. Using the theory called configuration of Chinese characters, splitted the 1188 characters in Naxi Dongba international standardization program, summarizing 644 forms which contains 603 word forms, 93.6% in total forms; and 544 positions; Moreover, splitted 41 non-word forms, 6.4% in total forms. What’s more, it is proved that in addition to their primary form, the forms to be the component types have multiple variants, which are the same as the forms’ variants; In the dynamic combination, some components produce the variants due to the characters’ structure in the sentence and layout, and analyze the functions from the four categories: shaping function, semantic function, phonetic function, and indicating function. 2.Naxi Dongba characters on the structure type can be divided into plane structure and hierarchical structure; meanwhile, the configuration modes can be divided into seven caregories: full functional synthetic word, standard shape synthesis words, phonetic synthetic word, shape, sound and meaning of words sound synthesis, synthetic word. They are different from the structure types of Chinese characters, because Naxi Dongba characters have strong physical properties. 3.From the configuration elements and the configuration modes, the paper discussed the Dongba characters’ configuration system. As for the configuration elements, Naxi Dongba characters have had s series of relatively stable and based components, and the configuration modes have formed initially. But compared with the Oracle, the configuration system of Naxi Dongba characters is still immature, which is between primitive hieroglyphic drawings and ideograms, we call it Pictographs. Their geometric shapes are not fixed, and have a large number of variants. Besides, the components have the shaping function as a focus, and the number of the forms is large, so the ability of configuration words is small. 4.The development of Naxi Dongba characters is showing the trend of phonographic, the borrowed words and the symbolic phenomenon. In the aspect of phonographic phenomenon, the borrowed phonetic characters are into first use, and the phonograms are gradually increasing, also the borrowed words have appeared in large numbers; In the aspect of the borrowed words, it appeared many variants(Mary Martha text, Ruan Wen, the North Han Ji Dongba); the aspect of symbolic phenomenon, there is simplification and classification. the aspect of Art: there is art aesthetic implication in the strong image and commonality about Naxi Dongba.In the aspect of the international standardization: the paper introduces the situation of the Chinese characters’ standardization, based on the seven principles of the information standard system table of Chinese ethnic minority languages, fully integrated the structural features and characteristics of Naxi Dongba characters, forming the Naxi Dongba international standardization towards the three principles: choice of words, phonetic and ordering.This paper’s innovative points lie in:First, It’s the first time for the theory named configuration of Chinese characters to practice in the word field of Chinese Ethnic Minorities. The theory of Chinese characters and minority languages are both limited in the traditional Six Scripts theory in a very long period of time. It has a limitation to explain the shape and structure of the Chinese characters. The configuration of Chinese characters hasn’t popularized in the field of the Minority languages, and most of the related works haven’t used this theory to systematically analyze the shapes and positions. Based on the common relation between the Naxi Dongba characters and Chinese characters, the writer extended the method and the theory to analyze Dongba characters’ shaped configuration, filling the gap theory of minority languages, and enriching the application fields of the configuration of Chinese characters.Second, based on the three principles, the writer and some professors studied and drawed up the program of Naxi Dongba characters’ international standardization. Also based on the seven principles of the information standard system table of Chinese ethnic minority languages and combined the structural features and characteristics of Naxi Dongba characters, we created three principles of Naxi Dongba characters’ international standard: selecting words, phonetic notation and making a sequence. Then we collated and identified 1188 characters of Naxi Dongba characters’ international standards.Third, the selection of materials based on the "Naxi Dongba characters of international standardization. in the past the research materials including: a spectrum of words, the Confucian classics, collect folk arrangement and discover new residual pages of text and, although materials wide coverage, more scattered, shorted systematic and basic comparative. But, the Naxi Dongba pictograph materials based on the 1188 character in the "Naxi Dongba characters international standardization " project,there are the characteristics of standardization and systematization.Forth, the partition to the Naxi Dongba characters is limited in a small part, not to the whole characters, which cannot understand the shaped system and the motivation of creating words. This paper is based on the positions partition of the configuration of Chinese characters, parting the 1188 characters in the program, and clearing the word forms and non-word forms.Fifth, the draft of the Naxi Dongba international standardization plays a leading role model in regulating the Naxi Dongba characters.Last, Naxi Dongba international standardization is an open window for the Naxi Dongba characters to informatization.