A Study On The Function Words Of Ancient Silk

Bamboo and silk books mainly refers to bamboo slip, bamboo and wooden slips and silk books. A lot of silk medical literature had been discovered in China, which has a great influence on academia since the 20 th century. Bamboo and silk books bear a high degree of colloquialism. There are a lot of books and papers about bamboo and silk books in TCM literature, linguistics, history and archaeology. A lot of scholars gave priority to the lexical meaning and pay little attention to the language phenomenon especially the research of grammar throughout the results of this study. The study of Chinese grammar is an indispensable part of linguistics research, which has vast importance. As a consequence, silk medical literature are the research object and we analysis the characteristics of vocabulary, syntax. The full paper was divided into nine chapters.The first chapter is introduction. This chapter introduced mainly corpus database, the research status and research value and the method of this article.The second chapter is the study of adverbs in silk medical literature. We divided adverbs of silk medical literature into seven parts according to the principle of the combination of semantic features and grammatical functions, which are adverbs of time, scope adverbs, modal adverbs, time adverbs and frequency adverbs, mood adverbs, negative adverbs. The frequency and quantity of monosyllabic adverbs assume absolute superiority and tremolo section adverbs are rather limited in medical books unearthed from the pre-qin literature, which is consistent with the development regularity and characteristics of Chinese vocabulary.The third chapter is the study of conjunctions in silk medical literature. Conjunctions in silk medical literature are coordinating conjunctions, continuing Conjunction, optional conjunction, causal conjunctions, hypothesis conjunctions and twist conjunctions. Conjunctions in silk medical literature include 18 single syllable conjunction, which are “Yu”, ”Ji”, “Er”, “Ze”, “Yin”, “Sui”, “Yi”, “Qie”, “Nai”, ”Ran”, ”Sui”, “Ru”, “Ruo”, “Gou”, “Gu”, “Huo”, “Yi” and 9 complex conjunctions,which are ”Yi??You??”, “Ran Hou”, “Nai Ruo”, “Yu Shi”, “Fan Er”, “Shi Gu”, “Suo Yi”, “Zhi Suo Yi”, ”Shi Yi” judging from the syllables, which shows that the disyllablization of notional words and function words. The disyllablization of function words caused that the function of semantic function simplified. The appearance of phrasal conjunction lay the foundations for the polyphony of function words. Single syllables can link words, phrases or sentences. The conjunctions of “Er”, “Yin” and “Ruo” are the multi-functional words in silk medical literature. The conjunction of “Er” has the characteristics of the highest frequency, the most semantic relations and the usage of the most active. Overall, the usage of the conjunction in silk medical literature has both inheritance and development compared with the pre-qin.The forth chapter is the study of prepositions in silk medical literature. There are 17 prepositions in silk medical literature, which can introduce the time, place, object, tools, reasons and aims. The 17 prepositions are “Yu”, “Dang”, “Dao”, “Xian”, “Cong”, “Hou”, “Ji”, “Zhi”, “Yi”, “Yu”, “Zai”, “Dao”, “Xiang”, “Xun”, “Wei”, “Yu”, “Yong”. However, according to our records, the total amount of prepositions in silk medical literature was moderate, which inherited the pre-qin Chinese, even used in modern Chinese, which shows that prepositions in silk medical literature have very strong stability. The number and the frequency of preposition in silk medical literature are very different. The preposition of “Yi” appears 517 times, which has the highest frequency. Prepositions with multi-functions were common. The prepositions of “Yi” and “Yu” belong to two or more than two smaller classes.The fifth chapter is the study of auxiliary words in silk medical literature. Auxiliary words in silk medical literature are auxiliary words of structure, auxiliary words of syllable, the mood auxiliary words and the auxiliary words of affix. The auxiliary words are the dominant in silk medical literature. The emerging frequency of auxiliary words of syllable, the mood auxiliary words and the auxiliary words of affix was low, which is determined by the contents of the silk medical literature. Silk medical literature bears a high degree of colloquialism and a strong practical, which determine the proportion and taking medicine of time of drugs.The sixth chapter is the study of modal particles and other words in silk medical literature. There are 9 modal particles in silk medical literature, which respectively is: “Ye”, “Yi”, “Yan”, “Er”, “Hu”, “Ye”, “Fu”, “Zai”, “Yi”. The modal particles of “Hu” and “Ye” are to strengthen the interrogative mood in the question. The modal particles of “Zai” and “Hu” often are used in the exclamatory sentences. The modal particles of “Zai” and “Hu” often are used in definitive sentences. The functions of the modal particle of “Ye” is the most comprehensive, which can strengthen the mood of judgement, statement and interrogation. In a word, the modal particles of “Ye” has strong vitality. The frequency of modal particles of “Wu Hu Shen Zai”, “Gao”, “Xu” is low in silk medical literature.The seventh chapter is to determine the accomplish period of mawangdui textbooks from the perspective of the history of Chinese adverbs. The completion time of literature is of great significance. Mawangdui textbooks is the largest of bamboosilk medical books, which is considered that the completion time of it is the Warring States period.The most notable difference in different periods of Chinese language is to use different function words. The characteristics of mawangdui textbook reflect the qin dynasty and later language phenomenon from the perspective of the history of Chinese adverbs. All in all, the accomplish period of mawangdui textbooks is in the late war period and the opinion on Spring and Autumn Period cannot be established.The eighth chapter is to determine the accomplish period of the medical books in Zhangjiashan bamboo slips of Han Dynasty by comparing with mawangdui textbooks. The Third “Yin and Yang Moxibustion by 11” was supplemented and reorganized by the descendants on the basis of "Yin and Yang Moxibustion by 11" of mawangdui textbooks. Taoist ideology is the central point in terms of Yinshu in Zhangjiashan bamboo slips of Han Dynasty which was influenced by the thoughts of Laozi. The “shao”of adverb of degree was used in Zhangjiashan bamboo slips of Han Dynasty, which shows fully that the accomplish period of Zhangjiashan bamboo slips of Han Dynasty is the late feudal period.