A Study On The Strategy Of Marine Power

After the 15 th century, the strategic value of sea for the nations has become increasingly prominent, the humanity civilization entered a richer pioneering "the Sea Age." Meanwhile, the history of the world Sea-power also presents some general logic, namely for a nation:(1) the need for the strategic value of sea determines the status of maritime power strategy;(2) the ability to take the strategic value of sea determines the effectiveness of Sea-power strategy;(3) the Sea-power could rise beyond the objective environment, but the environment could leads to the inevitable decline of Sea-power. And the core essence of these laws is: a long-term and effective Sea-power strategy must be able to create a successful Sea-power in the sea age. For China, such as the general rising powers, it is bound to an appropriate strategy to be successful, and it will also have to embark on the way of being a Sea-power: in the past it used to be a shortcut of development, but now it is the the only way to rise of great powersChina is a major regionally coastal country which has both land and sea. Its security and development is closely related to the seas. Currently, in terms of the total marine economy China has accounted for more than 9 percents of gross domestic product for many years. And 90 percents of China’s foreign trade is transported by sea traffic and most of the imported crude oil also need to rely on it. In the marine fisheries, marine transportation, shipbuilding industry and other areas, China has been the first in the world with a wide range of strategic interests in the global ocean. From the perspective of national security, compared to t the basically stable situation in the land borders, China’s external security threats have been mainly from the marine territory in recent years. China is facing the strategic containment posture, which is built by the United States and its military allies, martime disputes neighbors. The maritime strategy of national space is long-suppressed by external forces.. As a global trading power, process although China has been involved in shaping the regional maritime order and integrating into the global maritime order, however, the opportunity to win toward the ocean is not equal to "win the ocean." Building the Sea-power has become an inevitable demand for China to protect comprehensive security, to promote economic and social development, to expand the national strategic interests and re-create new maritime order. At the same time, China’s Sea-power Strategy is still in the initial stage both in the policy and research area: the strategy-design including strategic assessment, objective defining and means selecting still have structural defects more or less. Therefore, this article will select the "Sea-power strategy" as the object of study, it seeks to provide an innovative model for the interpretation of Sea-power strategy and framework designing.Chapter 1 will introduce the analytical framework of Sea-power strategy. This chapter will first summarize and generalize institute core concepts need to be addressed. And on the basis of existing domestic and international research and the principle of "exchange of Chinese and Western, ancient and modern mutual learning", combined with the overall trend of the times and the step change about the ocean, considering the universality and particularity of Seapower strategy, it will try to build a viable analytical framework for Sea-power strategy based on research level: Strategic analysis of the main marine power is related to the sea power, the core issue is the relationship between the state and the ocean, the ocean uptake of interaction that the State’s ability and willingness of strategic value between. Meanwhile, the domestic infrastructure related to the sea country is bound to be affected by the environment in which the objective, historical trends and the structure of the objective environment contains, geopolitical structure and order processes between both may be formed on the basis of domestic actively shape, it may also be negative limit. In order to solve possible problems, the state will be in accordance with its domestic infrastructure, design and implementation of appropriate maritime power strategy. And the framework’s four core elements- the strategic value of the oceans, the objective environment, the domestic infrastructure and strcture of Sea-power strategy will be devoted.Chapter 2 will introduce the development process of the Western Seapower strategy. This chapter is intended for the development of the western sea power to open up new routes since the historical stages of carding, and pick out a representative national maritime strategy to focus on analysis to Western maritime power in the retrospective logical evolution of the process, looking to the intrinsic link between the ocean and the “rise and fall” of great powers. Finally it will unearth Western historical experience guiding significance for contemporary China. Among them, this section will be the battle of Ceuta in 1415 for the period starting in 2015 just ended is the junction point of the western maritime power strategy necessary Historical Investigation. Strategic Choice depth of globalization, the dividing line between the stage and the history of international relations based on the western maritime power, the author intends to develop the western maritime power strategy is broadly divided into the following four stages: exploration era(1415-1648), the colonial era(1648-1845), the hegemony era(1845-1945) and "deterrence-cooperation" era(1945- 2015). At the same time, this article will pick out the different stages in the individual countries as a maritime power strategy typical case, and then to find more targeted to the development process of the Western maritime power strategy. This paper argues that in order to operate the global maritime order basis, by examining the core leader and a strong challenger to interact in the marine sector is undoubtedly more conducive to summarize the history of Western maritime power of universality and particularity logic.Chapter 3 focuses on the Sea-power thinking and related practices of China. Its Sea-power thoughts are not the national idea newly emerged, but the products of two thousands of years with a particular historical logic. Despite the long inland-tradition is mainstream in China’s history, the ocean civilization and land civilization are the two trends going hand in hand. On this basis, China’s history of Sea-power exploration shows a cyclical trend, and the interaction between the willingness and ability of the country is one of the possible explanations. For China, due to economic, political, military and cultural aspects of nature, it did not achieve the transition to a Sea-power in the match peak of the willingness and ability as Europe. This paper will use the core views abovementioned as the framework for a historic analysis, and hackle the ancient origin, modern buds and contemporary exploration of China’s Sea-power strategies and their thoughts. Finally, this paper will try to summarize the evolution of the historical logic. That is, from shallow knowledge to discuss the evolution of the system, from "heavy land and sea of light" to "co-ordinate land and sea," the evolution from "seeking profit" to "Nourishing" again " seeking profit while avoiding disadvantages",from exploring "tactics" to create a "stratergy" of Sea-power.Chapter 4 is intended to start with the strategic value of seas and its significance for China’s rising. Then, it makes the strategic assessment for China’s Sea-power building combining with the objective environment and the domestic infrastructure. After that, it will offer strategic proposals in idea and frame including(1) the basic objectives to consolidate and enhance the strength of the sea, maintain and expand the maritime interests, as well as assimilate into and re-shape the maritime order;(2) the leading concept of Sea-power strategy, namely pacifism for the purpose of defense of realism as the core, service-led economic doctrine to focus on regionalism as a thoroughfare and to corporatism;(3) the core content of Sae-power strategy in the political, economic, security and cultural dimensions;(4) the principles of Sea-power strategy, namely domestic and international co-ordination, land and sea coordination, development and security co-ordination, co-ordination of cooperation and competition;(5) linkage models which Sea-power strategy could focus on, namely the linkage between central and local government and the private sector linkage, strategy and strategic linkage between departments linkage, industry and industry linkage.