Research On Vocational Education Policy From The Perspective Of Modernization Of State Governance System

Vocational education policy is an important part of the country’s public policy system, it can help us meet the interests of the public. Analyzing the evolution of the vocational education policy from the perspective of political science, can help us find the key of raising the scientific nature of the policy, improving policy effectiveness, which can be used in the modernization of the whole national governance system. In our country, vocational education is entrusted with the task of cultivating talented workers for the society at present or in the future. Though our country is continuing to highlight the importance of the vocational education, the attractive policy environment is still not fully established, such as funds shortage, skilled labor have not been respected sufficiently and so on. Under the overall goal of “perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promoting the modernization of national management system and management ability”, how to overcome the problems existing in the development of vocational education itself, giving full play to the government, market, industry, enterprises, schools, communities and citizens multi-stakeholder initiative, sharing common interests, to promote the modernization of vocational education of public governance, has been the focus and direction of the vocational education policy research.Public policy involves adjustment and distribution between various stakeholders. Vocational education policy is embodied in the field of vocational education, has obvious public properties. Vocational education is closely related to a country’s economic, political, cultural, social, relationship to the immediate interests of the families, affecting the transformation and upgrading of our country economy and social harmony and stability. It is also the booster to the modernization of economy and society. The study of vocational education policy,needs a clear definition to the related concepts, such as the governance, public policy, public goods, stakeholder theory, the governance system and concepts of the modern education management system. It can help us analyze the changes of the vocational education policy through the scientific system of theory. On analyses of all kinds of vocational education policy through different historical periods in China, we find that it has important effect and indirect effect to support the country’s overall management system, thus can provide a very good reference to deal with the relationship among the vocational education,technical progress,economic development and social public service.The vocational education policy has played an important role in the economic and social development from the perspective of global governance, including industrial adjustment and human capital investment and so on. International organizations have played an important role in the development of vocational education. The policy advocated by the UNESCO, the World Bank, the International Labor Organization affected many developing countries, including China. Based on their reality, tight linked up international talent demand, it has been trends among many developing countries. Throughout the course of developed world, it is common that they pay close attention to the adjustment of education structure and change, especially to the vocational education. The United States and Germany, although are quite different from China in many fields, some rules are still useful and interlinked, like how the government plays a good role in creating a better external environment for the vocational education; the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, the enterprises have the truly enthusiasm of participation in vocational education, enhancing the vitality, guarantee the quality of personnel training. And the whole society should eliminate the discrimination which has existed,set up the scientific criterion about the talent, create a harmonious atmosphere for the development of vocational education. All the aforementioned have provided important revelation for China. That is, try to meet the demand of the society, build an open operation system and carry out the crossover study, international cooperation and so on. They are very helpful to draw up the correct vocational education policy.Presently, our country has entered a new development stage, economic and social transformation requires higher vocational education.Some new requirements are needed, like making up the shortage in the vocational education, solving the conflict of structural employment growth and diversification more efficiently, complying with the characteristics of a national lifelong learning time.Thus, vocational education should take on more public welfare, the government’s leading role will become more prominent. It needs to pay more attention to macro thinking, like the legal system construction, mechanism and system of strategic arrangement, try to enrich the contents and forms to meet the huge demand of vocational education. Meanwhile, the modernization of vocational education management in the governance system will play an important role in promoting political stability, improving people’s livelihood,accelerating the new normal economic development and building a learning society.On the basis of summarizing the experience from the international organizations, the US and Germany, in order to solve the actual problems existing in vocational education in China, we should put forward several aspects of further thinking. Firstly, we should further refine the top rational design, including gradually improve vocational education level, embody more vocational education public welfare, promote social fairness, administer education according to law,especially put forward suggestions for the revision of the vocational education law; Secondly, the government should play a role in macro management actively,including a clear division of vocational education at all levels of the government function, establishing correct talent criterion, improving the economic and social status of skilled talents, innovating vocational education management system, etc. Above all, the whole society should cultivate the customs and habits that respect skilled talent universally, to carry forward and cultivate the spirit of the best thinking and exploration. Thirdly, we should give full play to the function of the various stakeholders, including the government department related, the trade organizations, the enterprises, the market, etc. In a word, the paper tries to provide reference for the development of vocational education in the new period.