The Research On Electrical Industry In Shanghai1945-1965

Since1945, power system of Shanghai had fought against the shortage of electricity withAmerican Shanghai Power Company as a central part. Meanwhile, Proposal of United PowerCompany of Shanghai had formed during the negotiation on solution of electrical shortagebetween Shanghai government and central government. However, KMT government denied theproposal of United Power Company of Shanghai, because the contract would show foreigncapitals the chance of monopoly on electrical industry.In1951, Shanghai government of Community Party of China took over the property ofAmerican Shanghai Power Company for use, and nationalization of central plant laid thefoundation of electrical industry of Community China. During the Movement of Public-PrivatePartnership, public side drove it forward and gained the electrical properties with private sidechanging refund with the right of management.Industrialized rebuilding of Shanghai in field of electrical price started within the condition ofinflation and kept going with new policies on prices. In the beginning of1955, central governmentof China decided to make a experiment about planned distribution of electricity in Shanghai whichstarted in second quarter of same year. Plan Committee of Shanghai drafted "Big75" to controlprimary electrical users and gain the experiences easily.But central government didn’t adopt their proposal, who had served maximum on growth andminimum on consumption as principles of development of electrical industry from early1950’s on.In the end of the First-Five-Year plan, top level realized that pursuit of efficiency of electricalsupply was not regular measure for increase of electrical capacity, while Shanghai was trappedinto crisis on shortage of industrial energy as the result of limitation of electrical capacity. Finally,electrical planned distribution in Shanghai lost its function in the condition of systematic growthof electrical consumption.Government’s considerations about electrical industry of Shanghai are for more than development of industrial economy. Community construction drove by CPC government was agreat national subject consisting of industrialization and socialist transformation. Industrialstrategy of state during the period of First-Five-Year focused on Northeast with advantage ofheavy industries and inside regions less-industrialized. The top didn’t take measures so much tosupport Shanghai where private economies played dominating role. Then, decision from thesummit, made after observation on development of private economy, pushed socialisttransformation moving forward faster than original plan, with the aim of efficiency and planning.In Second-Five-Year, infrastructural construction of Shanghai power industry is the very start ofelectrical industrialization after the procedure of community transformation.What’s more, hydro electrical exploration, which switched from partial policy up to a bigchoice under national vision in the beginning of Second-Five-Year, was a very important part of1950’s power industry of China. Hydro electrical buildings paused many subjects once withinGreat Leap Forward, which can not cover the fact that hydro electrical construction brought astructural change on resources’ consumption model of China’s power industry in the late of1960’s.