Research On The Entrepreneurship Gene Of Small And Micro Enterprises’ Growth

Development of the social economy and peoples innovation depends mainly on large amounts of small and micro enterprises, according to the latest division standards for the enterprises’ scale, small enterprises, micro enterprises, family workshop as well as individual enterprises are classified as small and micro enterprises. These enterprises have small scales, less people, weak risk-resistance, and generally have a reletivly low survival ability, but there are tremendous amount of this kind of enterprises, which take up the most amount of the total enterprises in our country, what’s more they have strong innovative motivation and show an average strong innovative ability, thus they are very important in the development of the social economy, employment, keeping the economic-environment stable as well as boost the innovative capability of private enterprises, which means they are key type of enterprises in our country. Another purpose to promote the development of small and micro enterprises is that this can promote the enthusiasm of the innavation of all the people around the country, which can promote the innovation, solve the problem of the employment as well as stable development of economy. What’s more, from the growth path of enterprises it has life circle, lots of successful enterprises experienced the process from small to large scale, we conclude that small and micro enterprises would be primary stage of the large company or they will become medium and large companies in the future, those small and micro enterprises with good growth would more like to gain continuous growth in the competition, and gradually become excellent enterprise. So there are many realistic points to carry out such research.There are many restrictions for the development of small and micro enterprises, such as small scale, weakness in resisting risk, short of resourses and human resources, weakness in dealing with the environment, these all slow down the development speed of the small and micro enterprises. Lots of researchers and entrepreneurs look forward to the sovling of this problem. Referring to the literature, researchers would like to summarie the problem as financing problem. As we can see, financing problem is a very important problem for small and micro enterprises, but due to the life essence of enterprises, the more important factor that can affect the growth of small and micro enterprises small and micro enterprises is the entrepreneur.Entrepreneurs are risk taker and sole of enterprises, they are the key factors for the success of enterprises, and researchers all most agree on the important effects of entrepreneurs, lots of literatures giving conclusion that entrepreneurs have effects on the growth of the small and micro enterprises, and they carried out the research from 4 angels which are entrepreneurship, ablitily, resource network as well as background. Entrepreneurs are the controller of internal system, they can gain and control resources, as a result, entrepreneurs have very important effects on the HR, financial manangement, organisation, management control process of small and micro enterprises. Compared with entrepreneurs in large-scaled enterprises, entrepreneurs in small and micro enterprises takes up lots of functions of the enterprises, thus carrying out researches on entrepreneurs is valuable for the growth of the small and micro enterprises. From another perspective, enterprises are organization with life, and they have rules of themselves, nowadays, corporate gene perspective is accepted by lots of researchers. As a sesult, carrying out research on the entrepreneur gene of small and micro enterprises for the factors and mechanism will be very important for promotion of the growth of small and micro enterprises.Under the background of the literature of importance of small and micro enterprises, enterprise-growing theary, corporate gene theary and entrepreneurship theary, we carry out the theme of entrepreneur gene for the growth of small and micro enterprises, and we follow the path of building of entrepreneur gene for small and micro enterprises→building and analyzing of the genetic mechanism→empirical test of genetic mechanism, my research contains main contents as follows.Firstly, carrying out analysis for the feature of the growth of small and micro enterprises and and entrepreneur. Based on the analysis of features of growth of small and micro enterprises, I state the important effects of entrepreneur, proving that the research on genetic model of entrepreneur gene and its mechanism based on the life feature of corporate gene is a better way to promote the growth of small and micro enterprises, thus building the base for identifying entrepreneur genetic factors for small and micro enterprises.Secondly, idenfication of entrepreneur genetic factors. According to the theoretical analysis and literature recalling, choose factors from the angels of basic factors, HR factors, finance factors, organization factors, market and product factors as well as innovative factors into the factor pool, and identify the genetic factors and test the rationality of these factors, then classified all the factors into 4 bases, and with theoretical analysis make 2 chains, then form the model of 4 bases within 2 chains.Thirdly, analyze the genetic mechanism of entrepreneur gene. There are 2 main mechanisms for corporate gene, which are expression and regulation mechanism as well as variation mechanism. We build up these 2 mechanism for entrepreneur gene, and identify the path of the genetic bases on the growth of small and micro enterprises, as well as how the entrepreneurs carry out revolution on enterprise on the base of external environment and knowledge, which means how the entrepreneurs carry out resources re-configuration to boost the growth of the small and micro enterprises.Fourthly, empirically identify the mechanism of entrepreneur gene. Using the investigation data, with the method of multiple regression and SEM, test the mechanisms those are theorically analized before.According to the research above, I reach the main conclusions as follows:Firstyly, there is entrepreneur gene for small and micro enterprises. Based on the important effects of entrepreneurs on the growth of small and micro enterprises, entrepreneurs usually control the resources and operation of the enterprises, the special point of small and micro enterprises is that most small and micro enterprises are built by the entrepreneurs, and in the process of building they often put in there idea, resources and HR adjustment. As a result, entrepreneurs will be the gene for small and micro enterprises.Secondly, I choose 33 basic factors, with the method of factor analysis, identify 4 genetic bases of entrepreneur gene of small and micro enterprises, which are operation ability, experience, the ability to gain and configure resources, and innovative will,and with the 2 chains as knowledge and resources.Thirdly, genetic factors of the entrepreneur gene model of small and micro enterprises have positive effects on the innovative growth of small and micro enterprises, but some factors have negative effects on the financial growth of small and micro enterprises,which means that entrepreneurship have effect on the innovation of small and micro enterprises, but risky spirit, advanced production as well as external resources have negative effects on the financial growth, which means that the stability of financing and innovation have mutex relationship, so entrepreneurs should consider carefully when they carry out innovation and configure the resources more reasonably. What’s more, corporate culture built by the entrepreneurs is very important for the small and micro enterprises, entrepreneurs will improve the acceptance and innovative will, thus improving the innovative growth and financial growth, this is a idea injection and come into being in the process of building of enterprises, I surpose this mechanism as a mediating effect. Finally, the external environment factors are reasons for revolution, the perception of the external environment affect the genetic factors effect on the growth of small and micro enterprises, but the result reveal weakness of the perception of the external environment of entrepreneurs of small and micro enterprises, which means that the entrepreneurs should strengthen the capacity to adapt the changes in external environment and gather resources from the external environment.Main innovation points:(1) Research on the effects of entrepreneur gene on the growth of small and micro enterprises from the perspective of bionics. Entrepreneurs have important effects on the growth of enterprises, entreperneurs can be considered as the brain of the enterprises, and control all the aspects of the growth, and this correspond the mechanism of gene. Then using this method we can identify the function of entrepreneurs more directly and roundly, what’s more, we can reveal the effects of entrepreneurs on the complicated process of growth of small and micro enterprises.(2) Build up factors system of entrepreneurs roundly. Relying on the literatures on entrepreneurship, we integrate all the factors that are revealed before, and filetrate them according to the feature of small and micro enterprises, thus form a whole set of reasonable entrepreneur gene system, with the purpose of directing the growth and development of small and micro enterprises.(3) Identify the entrepreneur gene model empirically. Choose the factors to the pool of entrepreneur factos, using the methods of factors analysis and clustering analysis, we get the entrepreneur gene model with 4 bases and 2 chains which are operation ability, experience, the ability to gain and configure resources, and innovative will, and with the 2 chains as knowledge and resources.(4) Analyse two main mechanisms of entrepreneur gene empirically. Using mediating effect and moderating effect to analyse the process of entrepreneur gene’s effects on the growth of operation ability, experience, the ability to gain and configure resources, and innovative will, and with the 2 chains as knowledge and resources. Then we can give out reasonable proof that entrepreneurs of operation ability, experience, the ability to gain and configure resources, and innovative will, and with the 2 chains as knowledge and resources should bring up their ability of configuration of resources and adapt to the changes in external environments.