The Research Of Cereals And Oils Production Services Provider Main Subject And Method

Social service is an important content of modern agriculture, Agricultural production services can not only improve the production efficiency of each link of agricultural With the decrease in the number of rural labor force caused by the transfer of a large number of agricultural producers, some famers are hard to master the modern agriculture skills and complete the agricultural production activities by themselves or household, so the demands for agricultural production service is increasing. Agricultural production social services could save costs, improve efficiency, and finally solve this problem. With the speeding up of the development of agricultural production social service, the problems such as subject vacancy, unitary service method, lack of content and weak function should be seriously considered and solved. This paper takes Sichuan, Hunan, Henan and Shandong for example to study cereals and oils production services from the point of commercialized service system.1. Research ContentsSichuan, Hunan, Henan and Shandong provinces are the major grain-producing provinces in our country, which located in the north and south of China. The field productions of these provinces have their own characteristics. Although field production service development degree is different from the four provinces, they have the same representation of the service content with large scope, and have the salient features of general trend, level and inclusiveness. The main research contents of this thesis include the following five aspects,(1)The effect of labor force transfer on agricultural production,(2)the main body of cereals and oils production services,(3)the method of cereals and oils production services,(4)cereals and oils production services performance evaluation,(5)cereals and oils production services risk mitigation. Our results indicate that the shortage of labor force was occurred in the cereals and oils production, and we suggest that the socialized service such as agricultural machinery operation service is a way to improve labor efficiency. As the improvement of cereals and oils production services demand market in China, it created enormous profit and jobs, and also improve the standard of production service. The key factors of cereals and oils production service development are the mercerization of main body and socialization of service method, while, the government and market division is also important.2. The conclusions of the research(1) Focus on set up business entities of cereals and oils production services. The main subjects of cereals and oils production services include three types, public service agencies, commercial service entities, as well as farmer households. Based on the investigation of sample area, agricultural materials supply service providers should be depend on public service agencies, and focus on commercial service entities such as agriculture economic organization, agricultural materials supply company and individual operators. The commercial service entities such as agricultural machinery companies and famer individual machinery owner should be vigorously developed. Labor service provider should base on farmers and strengthen the cultivation of commercial labor service entities such as labor service companies, agricultural economic organizations. Technical services should realize the division and cooperation between the technology main bodies, by the construction of the agricultural technology extension system. The public service agencies play a fundamental role in the aspect of information service, and the commercial service entities such as agricultural economic organizations, friends and relatives (other farmers) should be developed.We should give full play to the functions of the advantages of public service agencies in the cereals and oils production services, on the other, hand we should develop commercial service entities to improve efficiency and save cost.(2) Give priority to commercial service entities of cereals and oils production services. From the point of service provide method for different subject, the public service agencies provide demonstration services, guidance services and free services, commercial entities provide agent services, operational services and paid services, the farmer household provide themselves autonomous service, operational services and profitable services. Based on an investigation of sample area, some of agricultural material supply services, technical services and information services are mainly provided by public service agencies, some of agricultural material supply services, agricultural machinery operations and information services are mainly provided by commercial service entities, some of labor and technical services in the production steps are provided by farmer household themselves. According to the investigation, service provided by public service agencies and farmer households take a relatively large proportion in Sichuan and Hunan province, while, commercial service entities play a leading role in Henan and Shandong province. Based on cost, efficiency and effectiveness, we suggest that commercial service entities should be the first choice for the supply of agricultural services, agricultural machinery operations and labor service, technical services provided by public service agencies should be better, and information services should be provided by public service agencies or commercial service entities in accordance with specific conditions, further, we shall reduce the service provided by farmer themselves as far as possible. We aim to construct the cereals and oils production services system in which the service mainly provided by commercial entities, and take public service agencies as supplement.(3) The performance of cereals and oils production services is remarkable and show spatial and temporal variation. We evaluated the performance of cereals and oils production services from the aspects of spatial variation and time scale, the comprehensive performance value of Sichuan, Hunan, Henan and Shandong province are 0.342,0.363,0.567 and 0.788, thus, the highest performance is in Shandong province, while the lowest in Sichuan province. The results show the performance of provinces in north was significantly higher than that in south, it is in accordance with the development and characteristics of cereals and oils production services in the four provinces. The performance value in each province are quite different, performance levels between the highest and lowest are 2.818,2.699,2.412, and 1.588 times respectively. Cereals and oils production services level is unbalanced in terms of regional development in each province. We have also analyzed the influence of different indicator to the cereals and oils production service performance, the results show the output per area is in the first correlation level, relatively the output per capita is in the second correlation level. The cereals and oils production economic output and farmers’ incomes have highly impact on performance, while farmer’s living expenses, factors of production and rural social development have a lower correlation with performance. We took Fushun County, Sichuan province as an example to evaluate the performance from the input-output relationship in the time series of field production. The results indicated the performance level of Fushun County generally increased from 2007 to 2011. The DEA values increased from 0.912 to 1, although it is still at a low level in all the sample area, the agriculture output value and farmers’ income increased year by year, and the services should be strengthened in the future.(4)The cereals and oils production services providers take risks and cognize differently. Based on a risk analysis of sample area, we found that (1) the field production conditions are relatively poor, and the marketization of agriculture service lags behind, in Sichuan and Hunan province, southern China, thus the service providers face high risks. On the contrary, the field production conditions are relatively good, mechanization, scale of production to ensure the service providers face low risks. According to the risk evaluation, the main risk of cereals and oils production services providers is factor risk, followed by environmental risk and market risk, management risk comes last. In the secondary indexes, the factors which impacted on the provider in descending order are cost-benefit, flotation costs, the degree of market competition, quality of labor, scale of farmers demand, economic fluctuation risk, policy risk, farmers’satisfaction, operators quality and maturity of operating mode. (2) We divided the risk into five levels, and generally the average risk level and below take 66.24%. The result indicated that the farmer thought there are more opportunities than risks in the cereals and oils production services provide activity. However, the respondents in Sichuan and Hunan province thought they faced higher risks than that in Henan and Shandong province.(3) This thesis presents risk prevention should emphasize the subject itself on micro scale,and policy on a macro scale.3.The main innovation points(1)Multi perspective comparison of cereals and oils production services. The cereals and oils production services providers involve many main bodies, this thesis start with subject identification, do the research of the production services from the aspect of public service agencies, commercial service entities, as well as farmer households. Combined with a large number of sample data of household investigation, we emphasize the farmer’s behavior choice and decision making evaluation, it is new from the research perspective.(2) Establishment and improvement of performance evaluation criteria.By means of comparison and analysis, this paper established index system from the points of four criterion layers as production factors allocation, cereals and oils production, increase farmers’income, as well as rural social development based on the peasant household questionnaire survey. This is innovative method to evaluated the performance of cereals and oils production services. According to the survey samples, we improved the TOPSIS method on the aspect of both the positive and negative perfect solution of the computational formula, as well as the index weight.(3) New idea of risk identification and risk evaluation. Based on the farmer household questionnaire survey, this paper reveals that market risk, management risk, environment risk and factor risk are the main risks in the cereals and oils production social services, and we also have a new understanding of the specific risk identification. According to the survey samples, we improve the qualitative assessment into quantitative data analysis by the fuzzy integrated judgment, to assess the risks correctly. The research result is helpful to put forward the risk mitigation countermeasures of cereals and oils production services.4. Recommendation for further work are listed below(1)Extend investigation in the perspective of demand and supply.(2)Increase the after stage service type research of cereals and oils product process.(3)Strengthen the analysis of relationship between the farmer household and provide subject by game theory.