Developed To Developing Entrepreneurs:an Emperical Study Of DDE In China

Developed to Developing Entrepreneurs (DDE) is a new category with in the field of Transnational Entrepreneurship (TE). DDE leave Developed markets to build their enterprise in Develop in markets. This exploratory study focused on defining and establishing DDE within Transnational entrepreneurship. Additionally, we wanted to outline how DDE enter into markets, by researching Speed to Market and Market Entry Factors, Regarding Speed to Market, the results indicated that Embedded Networks and Previous Entrepreneur Experience affected the speed of venture creation. If DDE reside in Tier2Costal Cities and/or they have previous entrepreneur experience, then the speed of business creation is increased.In Considering Market Entry factors, DDE demonstrated changes in behavior brought on by marketplace evolution. Through the study we analyzed DDE premarket method of engagement, the Entrepreneur Gap, the DDE Age at Startup and Pre-DDE Entrepreneur Experience. The results indicated that DDE methods evolved, engaging opportunities at younger ages, shifting to more direct opportunity engagements, shortening the Entrepreneur Gap and bringing more entrepreneur experience to Host Country..The survey targeted an audience of Foreign Nascent Companies Domicile in China whose founder’s home countries were identified as Developed (US HD Index Top50). The following criteria was utilized in identifying qualified founders:1) interviewee must be founder of Chinese FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise),2)enterprise must be established at least one year (in China),3) Founder’s country of origin consider Developed. Utilizing these criteria we accessed public and private databases. Through outreach (while utilizing our outlined criteria) we identified320potential firms. After initial review, the Interviewer reached out to known firms (retained within our initial list). Additionally, there was a request that known firms provide introductions to other firms (snowball introductions). Utilizing ’Snowball’ Sampling to generate introductions, this process yielded130potential participants. After identification the first outreach was via email/web-based email contact. Of the initially identified130contacts,90responded positively to our request. Of the90,18were removed because they didn’t meet FIE registration qualification,2of the final surveys were found to be incomplete. The final sample is made up of70DDE. Most participants came from the North America (37%) or Europe (34%), but also included individuals from developed Asian countries. Regarding data collection we chose to rely on single key informant, typically founder, in the data collection. In order to maximize the data accuracy and reliability, we followed Phellas, Bloch, and Seale.(2011) Guidelines. Our initial process sent a survey link via e-mail, that link then took the participant to a structured on-line questionnaire. There were challenges in administering the initial on-line questionnaire. So modifying the approach, and implemented structured phone interviews (30min), with loose structured post interview (30min). The structure of these interviews, were based on Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2003) guidelines, this framework was applied to ensure interview was conducted in an objective mannerFor this study, we identified that market formalization over time was the best metric, in analyzing DDE market engagement factors. In order to do this, we need to identify time frames that had/have significant impact on DDE market engagement. Utilized three factors:Gross Domestic Product (GPD), Human Development Index (HDI) and Urbanization Index (Urban) we identify4periods of affect. These periods are Pre-2002,2002-2006,2006-2010and post-2010. Applying the above framework we then began to test our factors. Tested factors include Premarket engagement method, age and prior entrepreneur experience. Regarding testing and methodology, two methods were engaged in identifying significance of factors, these were Spearman’s correlation and Kruskal-Wallis Test Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient or Spearman’s rho assesses how well the relationship between two variables can be described using a monotonic function. Spearman’s coefficient, like any correlation calculation, is appropriate for both continuous and discrete variables, and especially suitable for ordinal variables, such as the attitude variable we used in the survey. While Kruskal-Wallis test is one of the non-parametric tests is an alternative to the parametric one-way analysis of variance F test. The Kruskal-Wallis test does not make assumptions about normality and is most commonly used when there is one nominal variable and one measurement variable, and the measurement variable does not meet the normality assumption. The above methods and resulting identification was an engaging process in the identification of DDE.