A Study On Institution Structure And Institution Change Subject Based On Network View

China has carried on a series of reforms in policies since2000, such as the reform of state-owned enterprises, entering WTO, and the reform of real estate enterprises. All of these lay the foundation of economic prosperity and development in the past10years. But with the disappearance of Chinese demographic dividend, the development of industrial economy and the change of international situation, the original policy model isn’t suit for new environment. With the economic growing speed becoming slow, China is coming into developing bottle-neck period and needs further deepen reforms to break it. It is both a necessary choice to solve our economic deep-rooted contradictory that has been existing for a long time, and a radical guarantee for carving out space and providing continued power to future economic development. The main way of deepen reforms lies in institutional change and innovation, so it is necessary to use institutions to revive Chinese economy.In the view of Chinese national economy being in an important key stage that needs a new and deep institutional reform to carve out development space, the way to get more institutional dividend needs to study and innovate in theoretical terms in stead of specific institution. In the situation of institutional dividend being exhausted by the past reforms, the unique method to increase it lies in the innovations of institutional theory. So how to innovate is worth to discuss. This paper studies both institutional structure and institutional change subject in the view of complex network theory, and uses normative analysis and empirical analysis synthetically. Besides, it analyses the change and path of institutional network structure in dynamic evolution way, and takes the method of game and model to study the institutional change subjects’ relations. Its aim exists in understanding institutional system, straightening out institutional relations, looking for reform way, and promoting reform achievement.This paper studies on six aspects and gets conclusions.Firstly, this paper studies on institutional network structure theory and its hierarchy. Based on the study achievement of institutional structure home and aboard, it redefines the concept of institutional network structure in a functional sight from computing elements according to complex network theory. Institutions in network structure are divided into two types node institutions and link institutions. Nodes main bodies in this structure are main sources for entirety function, their functions decide how many functions the whole network has directly. Links are the necessary means to build network structure, and connect nodes. On the basis of network structure, this paper also analyses its both basis-derivation hierarchy in longitudinal direction and sub-network hierarchy in broadwise direction to build the whole network frame under these two-direction composited hierarchy.Secondly, this paper presents a creative hypothesis of Institutional Network Structural Effect on the basis of institutional network structural theory. Institutional network different from common commodities, enterprises, consumers and other element networks has unique characters, and the nation owns an exclusive institutional network in a definite period. All institutions will be included in the network automatically when they are produced, and no matter when they change or innovate the network will be evolvted and expanded. So the network is huge in scale, and produces new effects, which are interaction, multiplication and derivation. Besides, this paper also uses this hypothesis to analyze fragments in our traditional institutional administration models, and provides some improved suggestions.Thirdly, this paper studies on the change characters of institutional network structure, and presents two characters coordination and multiple pathes dependence. Institutional change under network structure must involve other related institutions into adjustment marginally, and a institutional change may lead other institutions in multiple hierarchies to adjust together. So it makes kinds of related institutions to rearrange and reassemble. This should be taken as a common changing process that includes a series of related institutions in the whole network frame, and shows coordinate character. Then, this paper analyses its coordinate character in three aspects longitudinal direction, broadwise direction and middle link relation.Besides, institutional change under network structure is affected by many related node institutions, and shows multiple pathes dependence character. The different pathes dependence grades can produce the possibility to take the change deviate from itself original path. When the deviations are accumulated to a fixed level, a power to break original path dependence and create a new path is formed. This paper concludes three stages of change under network structure, the first multiple pathes dependence, the second path deviation and the third path creation. It also uses this multiple pathes dependence theory to make up the defects of traditional path dependence theory.Fourthly, this paper analyses the network structure of institutional change subjects. This paper builds a subjects’network structure from their connected and dependent relations. If each subject is taken as a node and certain social relations and organizing patterns are taken as links, subject network structure will be formed. The links among subjects can be invisible social relations or visible organization relations. This network as a reflect of relation model among people and organizations has three characters, composited hierarchy, dynamic self varying and communicated coordination. Based on our dual structure of institutional change subjects in a long time that is central government being in dominant and local government being in assistant, it also analyses behavior characters, advantages and disadvantages of three subjects in institutional change, and emphases micro individual’s important function in this process.Fifthly, this paper studies the possibility of three subjects’ cooperative game relation and its newly increased profit on the basis of institutional change subjects’ network structure, and states their profit targets, profit conflicts and profit mergences. The study shows that local government’s target includes three subjects’ profits, and the people’s profit is their destination. All of these promote the possibility to sum three subjects’profit up. It also analyses their newly increased profit the necessary requirement to realize cooperative game relation. This paper designs cooperative game models to analyse their both single stage and multiple stages games, and gets conclusions. The best allocation plan of newly increased profit produced by cooperative games is equal allocation among these three subjects, and the key to keep this relation continued lies in the profit each subject gets more than their initial expected profit. If we abide this rule, cooperative game will be maintained.Sixthly, this paper studies a case on the institutional change in our automobile industry on basis of the contents and conclusions of theoretical parts. After analysing automobile industrial policies from structural view, it finds that these policies have network structure and show Institutional Network Structure Effect in the operating process. Besides, this paper takes investment policy and the policies’ change after entering into WTO as examples to analyses subjects’ both single and multiple stages cooperative games, and finds that their institutional decisions based on cooperative games bring newly increased profit to each one.Furthermore, there are three creative studies in this paper.Firstly, this paper redefines the concept of institutional network structure in a functional sight. It takes creative studies both on link institutions, such as its meaning, function, types and measurement, and on the hypothesis of Institutional Network Structure Effect to explain the unique function of this network. This institutional analysing method in network view changes traditional study way that focuses on node institutions only, and adds link institutions into analysis. It enriches the content of institutions’ structure, and is good for next studies on its composing, hierarchy and relations. Further more, the hypothesis extended our sight on institutions, and provides a new view to its analysis. It proves the value and meaning of institutional integrated, and shows the necessary of entirety plan in both institutional designing and operating. So we can get theoretical proofs for our institutional reform in structural view from it.Secondly, this paper presents coordinating change and multiple pathes dependence. On one hand, the study on coordinating change has more analysing objects than traditional single one, and takes a few or a group of institutions as objects. This method that understands institutional change in a new view puts the relations among institutions into studying scope, and provides a new way to make decisions. On the other hand, the theory of multiple pathes dependence different from traditional single one path model puts institutional change into the whole network structure. It both expands the study scope of changing paths and extends their developing trails, and brings the possibility of path creation. So it enriches traditional path dependence theory.Thirdly, this paper discusses the possibility to build cooperative game relations among institutional change subjects in game view, and designs cooperative game models to give further analysis. This method changes traditional opposite study way, and points out that the cooperative game among three subjects can balance their profit conflict. They can take concordant action through making decisions together, and acquire more profit than non-cooperative game. This analysis on cooperative game gives up traditional conflict pattern which is that one aspect wanes and the other waxes, and builds a target to maximize their common profit. It provides a new sight to the study of institutional subject, and supplies theoretical support to the necessary to coordinate their relations during decision-making process in institutional change. Besides, the cooperative game models of both single and multiple stages enriches the analysis method for subject behavior, and its conclusion that increases references to our governments in institutional reform has meanings in both methodology and theory.