Study On Dual-channel Supply Chain Decision Making And Coordination Under Disruptions

With the popularity of the Internet and the rapid development of e-commerce, consumers can buy all kinds of goods they need through the two different channels "electronic channels" and "traditional channels". Manufacturers and retailers are looking for business opportunities from electronic commerce, and they construct electronic channels to meet the demand of consumers’ online shopping. Traditional single supply chain structure is gradually changing, electronic and traditional channel constitute the dual-channel supply chain system set up either by manufacturers or by retailers. In addition to the supply chain competition and cooperation between upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain, their different channels will also form competition and cooperation.Disruptions occurs different degrees of influence on stable supply chain, and the dual-channel suppy chain stability is more fragile due to the price competition between the supply chain channels. Steady state under supply chain coordination will produce deviation, lead to suboptimal supply chain, and the relationship between the supply chain members rupture occurred. When the incident leads to a variety of factors disruption occurs, how to coordinate different structure of dual-channel supply chain, will be put forward with very high requirements on the supply chain operation. In this paper, the incidents cause consumer demand disruption, manufacturer production cost disruption, channel substitution coefficient disruption and the path loss of perishable products disruptions in dual-channel supply chain are studied. According to the dual-channel supply chain demand model after disruptions, through calculation of the KKT conditions, profits in centralized supply chain are optimized. The revenue sharing contract, quantity discount contract, price discount contract and two-part-tariff policies can be designed to coordinate the dual-channel supply chain after disruptions occur, and the results are verified by some numerical examplesSpecific research includes the following several parts:First of all, the manufacturers build electronic channels for dual channel supply chain under the environment of supply chain disruption decision-making and coordination problems for research. This paper mainly studies three contents:(1) dual-channel supply chain channel among the price substitute coefficient, the size of the consumer demand as well as manufacturers’ production costs at the same time when disruption occurs, dual-channel disruption decision-making and supply chain coordination strategy are put forward under the corresponding profit sharing contract;(2) for some short life cycle products channel, research products in the process of circulation channel over time to generate the path loss, facing the distribution time, when consumer demand and the manufacturer cost factors such as the disruptions of dual-channel supply chain, the supply chain revenue sharing contract can coordinate the dual channel;(3) electronic channels built by manufacturers will adopt various ways to the traditional retailers competing for the limited consumers offline promotion, the promotion will affect consumers’ channel choice and demand. In the presence of promotion of the retailers, under the condition of dual channels to manufacturers facing the demand and production cost disruptions, the supply chain emergency decision-making and coordination are studied, what is suitable for the promotional efforts of price discount contract is proposed.Secondly, through the retailer of electronic channels leading to build emergency decision-making, and supply chain coordination is studied, under demand and production cost disruptions, retailer’s dual-channel supply chain deal with emergencies emergency decision-making and coordination method. Retailer’s dual-channel is an important part of the dual-channel supply chain structures, although the coordination between the supply chain members is similar to the single channel supply chain. However, because of double marginal effect between the channels, retailers must make optimization between electronic channels and traditional channels. The retailer has internal channel competition. Dual-channel supply chain can have certain ability to resist the disruptions, and the paper puts forward the demand and cost of production disruptions and gets a new decision after the supply chain as a region. According to different area of the disruptions, information value has also been reflected. Quantity discount contract and two-part tariff contract are applied to solve the retailer’s electronic channels which leads to build dual channel supply chain disruption coordination.Finally, in view of the manufacturers and retailers, channels cooperation and mutual influence of O2 O dual-channel emergency decision-making and coordination of supply chain are studied.There are many O2 O business models and methods, according to the characteristics of dual-channel supply chain requirements proposed in this paper, we study online price mode such as "Su Ning" and put forward O2 O flagship model by the "Meters/Bonwe". O2 O mode has changed the traditional dual channel supply chain research price competition between main channels in the way of the consumer demand, between channels, market price can be put forward by supply chain leading party, revenue sharing contract can be designed and used to coordinate manufacturer dominant dual-channel supply chain under the equal price mechanism. When the channels are based on service competition, the two-part-tariff contracts can be designed and used to coordinate retailer dominant O2 O supply chain with disruptions.