Research On Xinjiang Tourism Industry Efficiency And Influencing Factors

The second central work conference in Xinjiang raised the grand vision that "build Xinjiang to a tourist center in Silk Road economic belt",which will promote the rapid development of Xinjiang tourism. Since the 1990 s, tourism has been considerable development in Xinjiang, Xinjiang tourism reception number 2013 is9.74 times in 1995 the number of tourist reception, with an annual growth rate of13.6%; The total tourism revenue in 2013 is 94.83 times in 1995, the average annual growth rate of 29%. Longitudinal comparison,Xinjiang tourism is indeed a great development. However, the horizontal comparison with Guangdong, Beijing,Shanghai and other tourist province, Xinjiang tourism revenue, tourism foreign exchange, international tourist arrivals and other major economic indicators, there is still a considerable gap. Xinjiang International Tourism income ranked 16 th in the country in 1995, but from 1998,the Xinjiang International tourism receipts in the national rankings only for the first 23, and stagnating. The author further calculated based on statistical data, Xinjiang tourism enterprises fixed assets investment was18.35% average annual growth rate in 2004-2013, while the annual growth rate of tourism trips and tourism revenues were only 12.91%, 17.07%, lower than the fixed assets the growth rate of investment. so the development of Xinjiang’s tourism industry is mainly driven by investment, Xinjiang’s tourism is still in the extensive development stage.In order to enhance the efficiency of the tourism industry, so that the development of tourism in Xinjiang from extensive to intensive,paper uses efficiency,economic convergence, economic growth and other related theories, based on fifteen prefectures in Xinjiang 2004-2013 data, made a thorough study on the efficiency in Xinjiang tourism industry. Firstly, this paper from the perspective of both static and dynamic to study the efficiency of the tourism industry in Xinjiang to reveal the lawof development of the tourism industry in Xinjiang and efficiency reasons for the changes. Taking into account the location, conditions for economic development,ethnic composition, tourist traffic and other conditions, the paper will divid xinjiang into capital circle tourist area, northern tourist district, the southern tourist area,eastern Xinjiang, in order to come up with more in-depth changes of the development of the tourism industry throughout the state of efficiency; secondly,on the basis of economic convergence theory, the paper analyzes the trends of the efficiency of the development of the tourism industry in various tourist areas in Xinjiang degree of difference is an increase or decrease, or catch-up effect of the existence of the club effect; and finally in order to reveal what factors influence the efficiency of the tourism industry, the paper on the basis of the literature review, according to Xinjiang tourism industry characteristics, make a tourism to tourism industry experts,analysis of the factors that may affect the efficiency of the tourism industry, and then based on fifteen prefectures in Xinjiang 2004-2013 panel data, use of fixed effects model to identify and filter out the factors affecting the efficiency of the tourism industry in Xinjiang.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Between a decade Xinjiang tourism industry generally low level of efficiency,mean only 0.9613, and the efficiency of the ups and downs of the tourism industry,there is a downward trend overall. Temporal differences exist tourism industry efficiency of the Fifteen states, ten industrial efficiency between Xinjiang tourism tourist areas are ranked as follows: the capital circle tourist area(1.8289), Dongjiang tourist area(0.7522), the northern tourist areas(0.6611), the southern tourist area(0.5309). Only industrial efficiency tourism circle tourism capital of the mean above average and Xinjiang(0.9613). Decade, the economic efficiency of tourism capital of the circle and the southern tourist area tourist areas has declined, the economic efficiency of tourism in northern and eastern Xinjiang tourism tourist areas hasincreased.(2) Between a decade the averages of TFP in Xinjiang tourism industry in only1.061, which is the average of technological progress 1.065, average technical efficiency is 0.996, we can see that decade Xinjiang tourism TFP growth mainly from technological progress, technical efficiency of productivity growth is not obvious.. By analyzing the technical efficiency is decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency can be seen, Xinjiang’s tourism industry pure technical efficiency(0.9992) higher than the scale efficiency(0.9969), pure technical efficiency for the technical efficiency of the tourism industry a greater impact. At the same time we can see the scale of Xinjiang has 3.1% efficiency improvement, while only 0.8% of pure technical efficiency improvement. Judging from the situation by region, only the southern tourist area of the tourism industry is less than the size of the efficiency of pure technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency is slightly higher than the northern tourist district scale efficiency, while pure Dongjiang tourist areas and tourist areas of the capital circle technical efficiency significantly higher than the scale efficiency.(3)Xinjiang, the capital circle tourism, and the northern tourist areas exist σconvergence decade, the southern tourist area did not exist σ convergence;Xinjiang, the capital circle tourist area, the northern tourist areas, the southern tourist areas exist absolute β convergence, indicating the tourist area of Xinjiang and there are areas of low efficiency of the tourism industry to catch up with the high efficiency of the regional tourism industry, but also shows the presence of the tourist area of the club convergence; but conditional βconvergence analysis of Xinjiang and all tourist areas of convergence does not exist, indicating the efficiency of tourism industry and various tourist areas in Xinjiang have not formed their steady development.(4)The positive effect of factors on the efficiency of the tourism industry in Xinjiang are: investment in fixed assets, environmental quality, natural resources,geographic conditions, per capita GDP; The negative effects Xinjiang tourismindustry efficiency factors include: opening; and Tourism Industry relationship does not pass the test of efficiency is the number four factors, human capital, customs and institutional factors such as tourism practitioners. Where the contribution of the positive factors in the efficiency rate of the tourism industry in Xinjiang is the largest resource endowment, followed by the local economic development and environmental quality.Finally, the conclusions based on the above analysis, proposed suggestions respectively from industrial system, technology and management innovation, product upgrades, and environmental protection to enhance the efficiency of the tourism industry in Xinjiang.