An Empirical Study On The Effect Of Government Regulation On Petroleum Industry In China

Petroleum industry refers to this kind of industry chain which is with oil and gas exploration and development for upstream, with oil and gas storage, transportation and processing for the middle, and with petrochemical and sales for the downstream. The government regulation system of China’s oil industry has experienced three stages and formed the current regulatory organizations, regulation contents and regulation means. They are the centralized and unified management system, "three points, four series" management system,and marketization management system. In the process of this historical change, the government’s understanding of the oil industry attribute tranforms from monopoly to competition gradually.But China’s oil industry is still administrative monopoly and oligopoly market structure, so it is necessary for government to regulate the oil industry.Incorresponding to international experience to the rules for oil industry, There are lack of independent regulatory organizations, imperfect legislation system, and inperfection in the pricing mechanism in oil industry government regulations of China.With the perfection of China market economic system gradually, the regulation reform in China petroleum industry showed a trend of gradual relaxation. The stand or fall of government regulation effect, and whether or not the regulation goals are achieved, impact on the development of petroleum industry and the development and security of national economic directly. Therefore, it has a certain theoretical significance and practical significance for perfecting government regulation policies on China petroleum industry to explore China petroleum industry development problem, through empirically researching on the government regulation effect of China petroleum industry, founding the main problems of China petroleum industry government regulation, from the perspective of government regulation.At first, this paper discusses the inevitability and the necessity of the government regulation on petroleum industry from the perspective theory and practice respectively. In theory, explore the theoretical basis for the petroleum industry government regulations from the public interest theory, technical and economic characteristics of the petroleum industry itself. Based on it, advances the target of government regulation on petroleum industry.Second, through reviewing the development of China petroleum industry and the evolution of government regulation system, analyze the status quo of China petroleum industry government regulation, tease out the change process of China government understand on the attributes of the petroleum industry, estimate the current market structure of China petroleum industry, and put forward the problem on China petroleum industry government regulations, such as the lack of independent regulatory organizations, inadequate legislation system, imperfect oil pricing mechanism,and so on.This article’s key part is through carding petroleum industry economic regulation and social regulation respectively, to design regulation index and give the corresponding numerical value according to the evolution process of regulation. In order to test regulation effect, design inspection standards of the regulation effect and the corresponding indexes, build the volume, profit, efficiency, environment, and oil security five test models, and carry on the comprehensive inspection on economy regulation effect and social regulation effect. Through the analysis of test results, come to the conclusion about the government regulation effect on China petroleum industry.Finally, put forward the corresponding policy recommendations and safeguard measures for the failure cause of China petroleum industry government regulation on the basis of technical and economic characteristics of the petroleum industry, international experience and the test results of regulation effect.Through the above research, this paper draws the following conclusion:First of all, the technical and economic characteristics of the petroleum industry determines that in addition to the general economic regulation goals such as the balance of supply and demand, improving the efficiency of resource allocation and the social regulation goal of protecting the environment, the goal of the petroleum industry goverment regulation has the special target, that is to insure the national oil security.Second, China petroleum industry showed a trend of gradual relaxation in terms of economic regulation, and showed a trend of gradually strengthening in terms of environmental regulation, and the government departments pay more attention to national oil security and strengthen the regulation on oil security.Third, the government regulation has achieved good effect on the environmental regulation and oil security regulation, but did not achieve the desired goal of the economic regulation. The study found that China petroleum industry government regulation exists a phenomenon that the regulator was "captured", and the government regulation did not play the role of inhibition of monopoly profits. Finally, on order to solve the problems that the regulators had been "captured", need to further relax regulation, deepen the marketization reform, and introduce competition mechanism, at the same time to strengthen the construction of legal system, government regulation program and system, and improve the independence of regulatory organizations.This paper carries on the more comprehensive research on regulation effect of China petroleum industry, based on referencing the study of the regulation effect on the other natural monopoly industries, and in consideration of the characteristics of the petroleum industry; puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations; and made a beneficial supplement on the domestic petroleum industry regulation effect research. This article puts forward the comprehensive evaluation standard about China petroleum industry regulation effect,from the perspective of normative analysis, combining the actual situation of China petroleum industry; Builds the petroleum industry regulation effect test model; and makes a more comprehensive evaluation on the effect of China petroleum industry government regulation. The empirical study shows that there is another reason for that the efficiency of China’s petroleum industry is not high. That is the regulation department could have been "captured" by the petroleum industry, so that the regulation scheme did not achieve the desired goal. These innovative conclusions will make great significance on developing China petroleum industry, perfecting China petroleum industry regulation system, improving the quality of regulation, and ensuring the safety of national petroleum.