Synergetic Development Of Urban Rail Transit System And Polycentric Metropolitan

With the rapid development in economic and urbanization, urban scale and development path of the large cities becomes an important issue in China. With urban growth, the relationship between urban center and surrounding areas becomes increasingly close, and large cities play more important role in regional integration development. As urban traffic congestion and environmental degradation, the research on urban structure and distribution of urban functions becomes a hot topic and a realistic problem in China’s urbanization.Based on the metropolitanization and transportation development in China, the dissertation focused on some problems in the urbanization, and the urban spatial structure of decentralized and multi-center characteristics in China. The dissertation took the relationship of urban transportation and spatial structure optimization as main research object. It estimated a theoretical framework to analyze the mechanism of economic activity allocation and urban functions organization based on agglomeration theory, location theory and transport economic theory. Considering the network characteristics and technical economic characteristics of urban transit system, the dissertation further studied the development of urban transit and monocentric and polycentric cities. It summarized the foreign typical metropolitan area as case study, and identified the subcenters and job-housing relationship in Beijing with GIS. The contents and conclusion can provide some policy suggestions and theoretical supports for China’s urban development.The dissertation contains three parts:the first part is introduction, with two chapters, in this part, the thesis introduces the research background and the significances of the topic, and puts forward the economic problems and analytical framework, as well as the research methods and main contents of the thesis. In chapter two, the thesis summarized the metropolitan area theory and the review of some literature, and provided the space for further research.Part Ⅱ is the main part with five chapters. In chapter three, the thesis studied the formation and urban spatial structure with agglomeration theory, and analyzed the dynamic mechanism and evolution path of metropolitan area in spatial structure and distribution of urban functions, with the framework based on the network characteristics. From chapter four to chapter six, there are three aspects that the rail transit system guide the metropolitan with morphologically polycentric and functional polycentric development, and the adaptability of different urban transit. Chapter seven is the empirical analysis with Beijing in China, the thesis identified the relationship of job-housing and subcenters in Beijing, and considered the urban transit development, with some analysis, and the thesis put forward some suggestions and countermeasures.The main work and contributions of this paper are as follows:Firstly, the dissertation studied the polycentric metropolitan, considering the metropolitan as a unique labor market, and the polycentric development is the organization with economies of scale and economic efficiency. Metropolitan can reflect the economic relationship with the urban center and surrounding areas, and it is the reasonable spatial scale to analyze the spatial allocation of economic activities. At the same time, polycentric development is not only the distribution with different locations, but the optimization of division and urban functions under the market mechanism.Secondly, the thesis constructs the analysis framework of urban traffic system and polycentric metropolitan, and studied the coordinated development mechanism of rail transit system and metropolitan area with morphology and function influence. The study shows that the development of urban transit can expand the scope of economic activities in space, deepening the division of labor. At the same time, the system can guide rail network layout of urban functions to form a close relationship between different nodes, maintaining the integrity of the job market.Thirdly, through the study of development of transit system in Tokyo and Paris, the paper pointed out that effective convergence and cooperation between the various rail transits is the basement of synergetic development of urban transit and polycentric metropolitan. The rail station should match the function of traffic node and urban nodes, and different transit should take more effective distribution with their technical characteristics and economic advantages.Finally, the paper takes Beijing as a case study. Spatial structure in Beijing has shown a pattern of features multi-center, but Beijing’s population dispersion degree is higher than the degree of decentralization of employment, and the formation of the spatial distribution pattern of the multi-center still has a strong centripetal agglomeration characteristics. Beijing should expand the subway scale of the city center area, and greatly improve the commuter railway construction connecting the city center and suburbs.