| China’s 13 th Five-Year Plan is the historical period of rapid urbanization, and even is the key node of urbanization from the intensity scale transition to quality connotation. According to the regional resource endowments environment, ecological carrying capacity and regional geopolitical conditions, how to develop the urban system with regional characteristics and collaboration functions is the major issue to enhance urbanization development quality in China. It is an important strategic resource reserve area and the construction of the core area of the Belt and Road(B&R) that Xinjiang has obvious advantages in resources and significant importance in geographical and geopolitical position. Xinjiang healthy development of urbanization will be a profound impact on the western homeland security and the great international passage. It is of great practical signif icance that in the initial stage of urbanization, how to sum up the successes and failures of urbanization in developed countries and regions, combined with its own division of work at the international, national and regional status and role, through coordinated, rational distribution and orderly development of various types of urban levels, to enhance regional urbanization connotation of quality, for Xinjiang to achieve leapfrog development and long-term stability.Based on this, according to the theory of urbanization development, the theory of spatial economics, the basic theory of urban space development, the basic law of urban spatial differentiation in China, combined with the regional characteristics and practical issues of urban development in Xinjiang, on the basis of accurately defining the connotation of urbanization development quality, from five dimensions, the population development quality, social development quality, economic development quality, ecological environment quality, urban and rural coordinated development, to build quality index system of development of urbanization, Using the method of entropy empowerment, dynamic evaluation, coordination model, exploratory spatial data analys is( ESDA) method, spatial econometric model etc., the paper comprehensively measures urbanization development quality of the 15 prefectures in Xinjiang. It dynamically analyzes urbanization process and spatial differentiation pattern of the last 11 years in Xinjiang. It empirically studies urbanization of spatial differentiation characteristics and rules in Xinjiang. It carefully explores the spatial order and spatial differentiation of Xinjiang urbanization development. Drawing on the basis of foreign typical urban urbanization on spatial development exper ience, it tentatively proposes to enhance the quality of urban development in Xinjiang suggestions. The main conclusions are as follows:First, urbanization development quality and all dimens ions of 15 prefectures are overall r ising trend year by year, but the whole proficiency are low level, slow growth, significant regional differences, poor coordination, obvious phase characteristics. This highlights the dominance of the Government in the development of urbanization in Xinjiang, as well as the characteristics of national macroeconomic policy changes, the history stage determined by characteristics of urbanization. The economic, social and demographic dimensions are the main driving force of urbanization development quality, and ecological environment and urban and rural coordinated development were minor driving force, that Xinjiang urbanization is in the early stages of traditional development of urbanization. Gap of the population, economic or ecological environment dimension is greater than the overall gap. But gap of the social dimension or of the urban and rural regional coordinated development is less than the overall gap, and a tendency to expand. The dimension of social, economic or ecological and environmental quality was watershed in 2007, while the dimens ions of population was divided into two stages in 2008, while of urban and rural regional coordinated development in 2006. As the gap between Northern Xinjiang and Southern Xinjiang or Eastern Xinjiang is larger, but the gap is narrowing trend in recent years. In the last 11 years, the level of coordination of the dimensions of 15 prefectures is poorer and the overall imbalance stage. And in 2007 as the boundary is divided into two stages.Second, the characteristics of urbanization development quality and the dimension hierarchy are obvious, showed patterns of spatial difference of South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang. This forms the core of the Tianshan Slope Economic Belt, to north and to south decreasing in turn "center-periphery" spatial distribution characteristics. The characteristics highlight the administrative dependence, traffic dependence and location dependence of urbanization development in Xinjiang. In addition to the quality dimension of social and ecological environment, the lower quality levels of urbanization development quality and the rest of dimensions are mainly located in Kashi Prefecture of southern Xinjiang, formed the whole development of Xinjiang "low-lying" area. The higher quality levels are concentrated in the northern and southern regions along Tianshan Mountain, especially in the middle of north slope of Tianshan Mountain. Each prefecture urban development quality and each dimension aggregation levels show a weakening trend. Eco-environmental quality dimens ion and social development dimension are randomly distributed, the patterns and spatial distribution characteristics of population dimension, economy dimens ion, rural-urban and regional coordinated development dimension and urbanization development quality are similar and aggregation, showed patterns of spatial difference of South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang. Among the dimension, only the ties between eco-environment dimension and urbanization development quality show relevance and an upward trend. And The better economic development quality area is corresponding to the lower eco-environmental quality.Third, the spatial effect between every prefecture and the adjacent areas in Xinjiang is transformed from proliferation or spillovers to the spatial interaction. And different factors influencing the urbanization development of spatial variation of quality in the period have different emphases. From the significance of spatial lag model in 2004 to that of spatial error model in 2014, indicates that the spatial effect among various prefectures is from space diffusion to space links. In 2004, the demographic factors, traffic location, government policies, regional spatial spillover effect are the main factors of the quality of urbanization development of spatial differentiation, but the over-reliance on resources and low level of economic development constraint urbanization development quality. In 2014, resource endowment, economic development level, population factor, traffic location and the strength of the link between adjacent areas are the main factors affecting the quality of urban development of spatial differentiation. But the constraints of water resources and the slow urbanization process, the development of transport lags and the government’s excessive intervention and other impact on the sustainable development of urbanization. The indicators of the population quality that reflect the demographic factors and the communication facilities that reflect the traffic location are the main factors of urbanization development quality of spatial differentiation.Given the f indings above, the paper proposes that Xinjiang should focus on the strategic objectives of the construction of the core area of B&R, seize the historical opportunity of the new urbanization, base on Xinjiang geographical location and passage corridors advantages of economic globalization and regional integration in the period, scientif ic development rational distribution of various types of urban levels, improve the optimization of the urban system and regional spatial structure, foster modern urban functions and interconnection network. Node cities, the international, national and local hub cities, in the northern, central and southern three big international channel should be built especially. Urumqi City, Kashi City, Huoerguosi Port and other should be built into cosmopolitan or urban agglomeration in the construction of the new type of urbanization in Xinjiang. By urban infrastructure, public services, the real economy, trade in services and B&R for interconnection, organic integration, to support, radiation and promote urbanization development quality and level in Xinjiang, vigorously developing the oasis ecological center of town, building in space group or agglomeration-type modern urban system. It should actively cultivate that functions and elements of urban economic adapt to ecological carrying capacity, geographical advantages and agglomeration size and make this organic integrate into the international city construction, the formation of division of economic and social functions, population gathering ecological carrying capacity coordination and mutualism urbanization spatial development order. |
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