Empirical Research On Chinese Provincial Industrial Enterprises’ Technological Innovation Efficiency

Chinese economy has stepped into “new normal” stage. It is important to build an innovative country and realize sustainable development through improving capability of technological innovation. Although industry has decreased its effect on economic growth since China’s transforming period, it is still the main strength to promote Chinese economy. Industry is the most important carrier for national technological innovation, and industrial enterprises are the leading force for China’s scientific and technological progress. Improving innovation capability of industrial enterprises is significant for the transformation of economic growth and the enhancement of economic development quality.Chinese industry has been gradually increasing input of technological innovation in recent years, but the amount is much lower than developed countries. Innovation is a complicated process of research and development, while it’s another way to advance the capacity of innovation by promoting the innovation efficiency when the innovation resources are limited. The analysis focuses on Chinese industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency. The stochastic frontier analysis method, data envelopment analysis method and spatial econometrics are used to explore Chinese industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency. The main research work and conclusions are as follows:(1) Chinese industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency is calculated using Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier model including production factors’ internal configuration and convergence model. The results reveal that internal configuration of capital and labor have significant effect on regional industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency, and marginal output elasticity of foreign-funded industrial enterprises’ technological innovation capital and labor is better than domestic capital industrial enterprises; the construction of market has negative effect on industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency while technology import has positive effect on industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency; the gap of regional industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency tends to decrease. The regional industrial enterprises lagging behind play a significant role of late-developing advantage and keep up with the advanced ones.(2) We make empirical analysis on the relationship between public S&T subsidies and technological innovation efficiency based on stochastic frontier analysis. The results reveal it restrains industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency because of unreasonable structure of public S&T subsidies; there is “U”-form relationship between public S&T subsidies and Chinese industrial enterprises’ technological innovative efficiency; it is necessary to find a balance between two types of innovation activities in industrial enterprises– exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation. It can improve industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency when public S&T subsidies generate scale effect.(3) Chinese industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency is calculated with metafrontier based on regional heterogeneity in the study. The results reveal that Chinese industrial enterprises overall technological innovation efficiency is low, which has much space to improve. It’s still a long way to achieve the goal of innovation-driven development; the technical progress and technical efficiency of eastern industrial enterprises are in the good trend, and are beneficial for improving technological innovation efficiency. While enhancing the mid-western industrial enterprises’ technological innovation efficiency derives from technical progress, not the improvement of technical efficiency.(4)We calculate the Chinese industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency in consideration of consumption of resources and pollution and make an empirical analysis of the spatial spillover effect of the Chinese industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency based on green growth by undesirable output SBM model and spatial econometrics model. The results reveal Chinese industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency is different among regions, and mid-western industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency is lower than eastern; Chinese industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency is featured by spatial agglomeration; human capital, openness, and infrastructure have different effects on Chinese industrial enterprises’ green technological innovation efficiency.