| Technoloy progress is a permanent thesis on the supply revolustion, and as a fundamental way to promote agricultural development, agricultural technical progress draws a lot of concern by first policy document of recent years. As the relation between regions and industries get closer, simply sum up the study on the technical progress in separate region or industry cannot show the whole picture of China’s agricultural technical progress systematically. Therefore, based on the relative theories on agricultural technical progress, this dissertation built its own theory analysis, and combine with Stochastic or Meta Frontier Analysis, Moran’s I index, Propensity Score Matching method, Computable General Equilibrium to research on direct effect of China’s agricultural technical progress by its characteristic comparison and influencing factors from the perspective of total factor productivity framework and its indirect spillover effects through factor and product market to get the knowledge of the systematically structural features, the driven and influencing factors behind and its externality of agricultural technical progress, where the first part consists historical evolution and current situation and the features in areas and industrial characteristics, the second part includes the influending effects on the technical progress from the perspectives of technology endowment and degree of organization and the third part includes the economic and environmental spillover effects along the agricultural technical process. The whole study consists of seven main chapters and the main conclusions are summarized as follows:(1) The analysis of the historical transition and current situation of China’s agricultural technical progress developed towards the mode of machenical factors substituting for labor and biochemical factors complementing land since the reform and opening up. China’s total fiscal expenditure on agriculture gradually become stablt, the focus of financial support for agriculture is gradually transferred from central to local. The overall conversion research capacity improved and the input-output rate of its return is significantly higher than other industries and the number of agricultural extension workers growth slowly and is basically stable for now. The contribution rate of technical progress in agriculture as a whole showed around the 5% level of cyclical fluctuations and regional differences and fluctuations reduced gradually.(2) Based on the spatial effect, we studied the regional technical progress capacity differences in agriculture and the conclusions showed that the western provinces have greater technical efficiency enhancement potential within the region; there is the convergence trend of the regional capacity in technical progress and the overall spatial convergence effect on agricultural technical progress capacity is obvious; wherein eastern regions did not show the spatial spillover, while there are small and stable spatial spillover in between western regions and large spatial effect in between the middle regions.(3) Considering the diversity and difference of the agricultural industries systematically, the study came to conclusions that technological advances in agriculture industry and influencing factors of the characteristic differences showed that technical efficiency improvements led to the technical progress in farming industries, in which, the pace of industrial technical progress of crop industry slowed down while that of fruit and vegetable industry improve relative drastically and periodically; the pace of technical progress of stockbreeding industry as a whole slowed down by cycle; in the whole process, technical efficiency help improve the technical progress, while the lack of the technology transformation ability has already hinder the technical progress.(4) The study of the impact of technical endowments on agricultural technical progress effects showed that the adoption decision and efficiency between households with different technical endowments especially management capacity are quite different. On the one hand, technical endowmnts of demand, relative subsidies, experience and scale have positive effect on adoption decision. On the other hand, households with better managerial ability have a rational input structure and more efficient and showed their advantages of characteristics of young, professional and appropriate scale which can help modern agricultural mode change.(5) Further study on the impact of the degree of organization of farmers on agricultural technical progress indicated that farmer housholds of high organization degree have a better technical efficiency, and material purchase and agricultural technical guidance services can help enhance the rate of technical efficiency conversion; the efficiency increases by improving organization degree in Tianjin, Liaoning province are higher; the higher degree of organization explained 88.54% of their technical efficiency transfer capacity and 5505 yuan output gaps between households of different organization degree.(6) The systematic research on the the economic spillover effects by technical progress in agriculture indicated that:agricultural technical progress improved the competitive advantages of agricultural product in domestic and foreign markets, especially in the international market; it did stimulate the output of non-agricultural sectors and converge the region’s GDP gap. It expanded the per capita income gap between regions while helped enclose the gap in region wages in the short term; while since the elasticities of wage-output and wage-employment in the middle and west regions are especially flexible, the increase of output and employment in middle and western regions will play a stimulating role in the region wage convergence in the long term indicating the regional "catch-up" effect in the long run; in the process of rural labor transferring from rural to urban areas with the help of agricultural technical progress, a quicker decline of the negative income elasticity of food consumption of rural residents than urban residents implied the gradual convergence trend between urban and rural residents over food consumption.(7) Endogenous agricultural technical progress spillover effects on the environment including the negative effect of intensive energy factor input and positive role in energy efficiency improvement, energy factor inputs to rise slowly and steady, but energy efficiency is declining in the whole process; periodically enhance scientific and technological progress and transformation, technology to improve efficiency, land and labor efficiency in energy consumption per unit of output increased economies of scale play a role in energy efficiency improvement in different degree by various types of crops.
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