Research Of The Ecological Security In Hai Nan Province

The ecological environment is the basis of human survival and development. With the deterioration of the environment, humans have become more and more urgent that the ecological pressure has brought great influence on economic development and the safety problems. The key areas of regional security researches have expanded from traditional political and military problems to economic, social and ecological categories. The researches on ecological security have become the frontier subject of security science.Hainan province is in the extreme south of the country. It is a relatively closed geographical unit. According to the regional predominance, abundant natural resources and environment, its ecological status is very important. On the other hand, the ecological environment is fragile and sensitive here. For Hainan, the ecological self-recovery is difficult. The environment overbalance can cause irreversible ecological disaster here. With the implementation of the Hainan international tourism island strategy, increasing industrialization process will bring enormous pressure on the ecological safety in this region. Rational exploitation of natural resources, reducing human risk damages to ecosystems and ensuring the ecological security are important research contents in the regional development. They are also key research issues on the construction of ecological province in Hainan province.Now, study on ecological security in Hainan is still lack. The ecological security research is a significant practice on the scientific selection of the strategy of ecological in Hainan province. And it is very important to grasp the tendency of regional ecological security and offer control and management measures in time to realize the sustainable development of regional economy. The research enriches quantitative analysis method of ecological safety evaluation, which can make contribution to the theoretical system of ecological security.Firstly, this paper researches the geographical distribution and variation of the ecological footprints in Hainan province using the calculus of ecological footprint and theil index. In conclusion, the total quantity of the ecological footprints (EF) in Hainan province is2890133hm2in2009. In the ecologically productive land, the ecological footprints of total forest land, total cultivated land and total water area are higher. The ecological footprints of total meadow land,total land used for building and total land used for landification are lower. The highest are the ecological footprints of total forest land. They are4342.76times as huge as the lowest one, which are the ecological footprints of total meadow land. In all18counties in Hainan province, the highest of the ecological footprints is450646.2hm2in Danzhou, and the lowest is31065.71hm2in Wuzhishan.The total quantity of the ecological profits and losses in Hainan province is2357083hm2. In the ecologically productive land, the ecological profits and losses of total water area,total forest land and total cultivated land are higher, the ecological profits and losses of total meadow land,total land used for building and total land used for landification are lower. In all counties, the highest of the total quantity of the ecological profits and losses is315554.59hm2in Wenchang, and the lowest one is-54892.75hm2in Baisha.Secondly, this paper also predicts the geographical distribution and variation of the ecological footprints in Hainan province in2015, according the "11th Five-Year Plan" of Hainan. The results indicate that the total quantity of the ecological footprints (EF) in Hainan province will be3560620hm2in2015. And it will be670487.34hm2more than that in2009. The growth rate of EF will be0.23. In the ecologically productive land, the ecological footprints of total forest land, total cultivated land and total water area will be higher. The ecological footprints of total meadow land,total land used for building and total land used for landification will be lower. The highest will be the ecological footprints of total forest land. It will be68.58times as huge as the lowest one, which are the ecological footprints of total meadow land. In all counties, the highest of the ecological footprints will be454921.80hm2in Qionghai, and the lowest one will be51153.37hm2in Wuzhishan.The total quantity of the ecological profits and losses in Hainan province will be1686596hm2in2015. In the ecologically productive land, the ecological profits and losses of total water area,total cultivated land and total land used for landification will be higher. The ecological profits and losses of total meadow land,total land used for building and total forest land will be lower.To compare the ecological footprints of the GDP per capita of about10,000yuan in all18counties in Hainan province, the first class will be Dingan. The third class will be Sanya and Haikou. Others will be the second class. The maximum will be in Haikou, which is10.83times as much as the minimum in Dingan. In all counties, the highest of the total quantity of the ecological profits and losses will be313121.44hm2in Danzhou, and the lowest one will be-154969.55hm2in Qionghai.Finally, based on the analysis of ecological footprints and spatial structure in Hainan province, this article constructs the evaluation index system of ecological security in Hainan province with an overall consideration of economical, social, environmental and institutional factors. From static and dynamic aspects, it discusses the evaluation method of development degree of the ecological security and pointes out the necessery to strengthen the statistic database construction, statistical analysis and construction of quantitative analysis model of ecological security at Hainan province.