Research On The Technology System And The Calculation Method Of Carbon Emission Of Low-Carbon Building

The construction industry is developing at the cost of large consumption of natural resources and negative environmental impacts. In china, building energy consumption accounts for about 30.2% of total energy consumption of the whole society. According to statistics, construction activities have consumed 40% of total human natural resources and 40% of the total human energy. In the meantime, the amount of construction wastes has reached to 40% of the total human activities wastes. Energy consumption and solid wastes treatment will cause tremendous greenhouse gas emissions in construction, use and demolition process. It is estimated that the greenhouse gases generated by construction industry will be 25% of the total social emissions. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to construct low carbon buildings.The study was based on correlational researches home and abroad, especially the researches in UK,USA,Germany and Japan. In this dissertation, a low-carbon construction management mode was proposed, which includes low-carbon construction object program, low-carbon organization guarantee, low-carbon technology guarantee and low-carbon energy-saving effect evaluation.The carbon reduction goal of a building should be met based on the interaction among external conditions of the building, technical equipment and the building itself. This dissertation analyzed the operation mechanism of low-carbon construction, built an integrated model of low-carbon energy-saving technologies. Besides, it summarized the existing low-carbon energy-saving technologies, and divided more than 140 technologies into 10 systems, all of which will benefit the efficiency of selecting low-carbon technologies. On this basis, the low-carbon technologies selection methods and the optimization model were deeply studied so as to achieve the optimization of device structure and energy use structure in the low-carbon technologies program.Carbon emission of a building is the primary indicator of low-carbon construction. This dissertation studied the assessment methods for carbon emissions from the perspective of the whole life cycle of a building. Specifically, the carbon sources were firstly classified from the design stage,construction stage,maintenance stage to the removal and clean-up stage; And then, carbon emission calculation methods and calculation list at various stages were defined; Based on these steps, a carbon emission calculation model was built and a complete set of carbon emission calculation guide for low-carbon buildings was created. Besides, BIM technology was also used to establish a dynamic carbon emission calculation model at the operation stage of a building on the basis of the construction scheme so as to realize real-time monitoring over carbon emissions of the building.Taking the Wuhan International Expo Center project as an example, this dissertation conducted empirical analysis and research, including the selection and optimization of different low-carbon technology programs, the calculation of carbon emissions during a building's whole life cycle and the analysis of energy consumption for the low-carbon planning scheme.In this dissertation, a comprehensive technology system for low-carbon buildings and a whole life-cycle carbon emissions calculation model were established to achieve the objective of quantitative, visual and intelligent low-carbon construction. This model provides technical support for life-cycle low carbon construction in the project of Wuhan International Expo Center. In addition, it also offers a strong theoretical basis and practical guidance for healthy and quick development of low-carbon construction in China.