Research On Real-time Oil Spill Monitoring Method

Oil spill is one of the main pollutant of the inland river. As the rapid development of the river shipping industry, the number of the river ship is continuously increasing, and the potential risk of oil spill is larger and larger. Once the oil spills in river, both the social economic and residents health of the coastal areas would be damaged seriously, which would not be easy to eliminate in a short period. Because of the difficulty of the oil spill forecasting, when the oil spill occurs, if the pollution location can be detected timely, along with the quick response and the effective measures, the negative effect of the oil spill pollution could be reduced. So the real-time monitoring of oil film on the river is of great importance to reduce the negative effect from the oil spill pollution. The monitoring methord of oil spill is studied according to the characteristics of the river channel and oil spill accident. The oil spill monitoring, weather monitoring, hydrology monitoring, communication technology and the oil spill emergency technology are combined, an all-weather and real-time monitoring system for oil spill in river is developed, and the main research work includes:(1) The image collection experiments for oil spill and floating debris under both visible and infrared sensors were implemented. The imagines were treated by image processing software, and the results showed that the sensors can not distinguish water from oil clearly with the disturbance from aquatic or foam exists, besides when the sensor is swaying.(2) An experiment platform for collecting data from the energy-absorption ID-227sensor was constructed, and data collection was implemented for ID-227under different circumstance, including air, static pure water, fluctuant pure water,0#diesel oil, heavy diesel oil, crude oil, aviation kerosene, lubrication oil, edible oil, aquatic, leaves and foam, the data under different temperature were also collected, by the use of fast Fourier filtering, median values filtering and wavelet transformation, the data was processed, and the results was compared, by the feature extracting and classification for the status like air, static pure water, fluctuant pure water, oil film and fluctuant oil film, the identification of the oil film was realized.(3) An experiment platform for collecting data from OFD-1sensor was constructed, and data collection was implemented for OFD-1under different circumstance, including static pure water, fluctuant pure water,0#diesel oil, heavy diesel oil, crude oil, aviation kerosene, lubrication oil, edible oil, aquatic, leaves and foam, the data under different temperature and rain were also collected, by the use of fast Fourier filtering, median values filtering and wavelet transformation, the data was processed, and the results was compared, by the feature extracting and classification for the status like air, static pure water, fluctuant pure water, oil film and fluctuant oil film, the identification of the oil film was realized.(4) According to the characteristics of the oil spill in river, and by the experiment research and comparison of visible, infrared, ID-223, ID-227and oil concentration apparatus, the ID-227was finally selected to monitor the oil spill on the base of river navigation mark, and the OFD-1can be equipped on the bridge as the monitor equipment.(5) The characteristics of the oil spill, hydrology and navigation mark of the river were analyzed, according to these characteristics and the current oil spill monitoring research status, an oil spill film monitor system based on the multi-functional navigation mark or bridge was designed.(6) According to the characteristics of the navigation mark, the sensors for monitor temperature, water speed, wind speed, rain and visibility which related to the oil spill emergency response were selected, the corresponding electric circuit and power supply were both designed.(7) The communication system for oil spill monitor information was constructed, and the test was implemented in laboratory and river, which shows this information communication system is of the low frame lose rate and works well.(8) The layout and optimization of the oil spill sensor network was researched with the application of the analytic hierarchy process, the oil spill volume estimation model was developed based on the data from oil spill monitor system, and the dynamic destination of the spilled oil was simulated with the combination of OILMAP software, so the determination method of the oil intercept point and the selection method of the oil containment boom are researched.