| The Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a flagship species, which has a unique role and special status in the protection of wildlife. After the third panda survey, the panda population is further being studied and monitoring the species has become a major focus. Unfortunately, the lack of a scientifically advanced monitoring index system for the Giant Panda population creates problems in field monitoring. Firstly, much of the information collected in the monitoring can not be used for analysis; Secondly, the multipurpose monitoring indicators make it difficult for management personnel to master and properly collect, leading to the deviation of analysis results; Thirdly, the absence of a standard data analysis or assessment system of the Giant Panda and its habitat prevents achievements to be reached in regards to the practical technology used in the protection and management of the Giant Panda. This study is mainly researched through sampling strength, selecting monitoring index, weighting the habitat suitability assessment, to establish the parameter system for monitoring and evaluating living conditions of Qinling Giant Pandas {Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis),which will provide a scientific base for monitoring the Giant Panda population and habitat in future. For this purpose, this study chooses the most dense population area of the giant panda in the Qinling mountains as research samples for monitoring, such as Foping nature reserves, Guanyinshan nature reserve and Laoxiancheng nature reserve, which is carried out over3years. And also, with large amounts of data from the third Giant Panda survey, we have made great efforts on the research of system building for monitoring living conditions of pandas. The main research results are as follows:1. According to certain necessity, feasibility, objectivity, quantifiable and economy, uniqueness and comparability seven principles, the comprehensive utilization of target analysis, habitat choice analysis, principal component analysis, factor correlation between the analysis methods of the existing monitoring factor analysis and assessment, respectively summarized as factor will be monitoring the food resources, quantity distribution, vegetation habitat, associated animals, interference and geographical environment and indexes. Then in all kinds of index according to the weight of the comprehensive evaluation value of all kinds of index, and establish the score of each factor, the choice of monitoring order established the Qinling panda habitat monitoring index system. According to the results, the guarantee monitoring targets in on the premise of that the existing monitoring index optimization.2. Based on the established monitoring index system, we selected3nature reserves as research sample regions. Through data acquisition, data processing systems and exploration, and the description of the use of statistical methods and GIS technology to research the area of the Giant Panda habitat condition in2008to2010, and associated animal spatial distribution and type structure, the type of time and space distribution and interference preliminary analysis, showed that from2008to2010, the Giant Panda research area sample line traces found no significant difference between rate, the Giant Panda population basic stability; Laoxiangcheng Guanyinshan reserve around the village, along the108national highway near the108to Liangfengya along the same interference is serious, mainly due to grazing, herbalism as the primary gathering and tourism, and other events with interference, from year to year interference has changed little.3. Through the analysis of the Giant Panda habitat choice, and established the three levels of evaluation indexes, respectively is:A layer to get through for the operation, including terrain factors index, the vegetation factors, food factors and interference factor4class target; B layer can according to the field investigation direct access to data monitoring index, the index contains a: terrain factors are altitude, slope, slopes, sloping sections, etc; The vegetation factors are forest origin, vegetation types, trees, shrubs, and highly crowned density coverage and height; Food factors included the history of bamboo, bamboo, height, growth condition; Interference factor:the main cause of human activities for all kinds of interference. C layer for B layer the characteristic value of factors. In establishing habitat evaluation model, the first choice in each factor to the analysis of the standardization of habitat value as weights were analyzed, and a more objective and true reflection of the various factors in the role of the habitat, avoided the former simple level assignment of general sex and not the accuracy, to get accurate evaluation results to lay the foundation. According to the established evaluation model and comprehensive technique, such as using GIS in the study of the Giant Panda habitat for the evaluation. Using the Giant Panda tau verification results found a way to use the evaluation model and factor assignment method to evaluate the quality of the habitat more realistically.4. Which birth rates and survival rates of the Giant Panda population grows the biggest influence. If considering population and other factors, the reckoning isolated the extinction of Giant Pandas risk will rise. Then the Giant Panda faced with the Qinling risk factors, the analysis of habitat fragmentation of the formation of the small populations, habitat capacity, human interference and damage to the global environment and to the survival of the Giant Panda change can cause a bigger threat. Should strengthen the habitat protection and actively carry out artificial releasing. It was also found that different sampling strength of sampling the accuracy of the results has a certain impact, but even in a third of the strength of the sampling (or sample line more than30of them), the precision can be guaranteed at around85%, and can meet the basic needs of monitoring. At the same time, a stool to glucocorticoids content in the Giant Panda to injury by interference condition monitoring research found that the Giant Panda dung, the sugar cortical hormone level and the Giant Panda habitat disturbance level into highly positive correlation, shows that this technology can be used to monitor the status of the Giant Panda interference, this also is home for the first time this technology used in the wild animals suffer interference monitoring research.The research results show that establish monitoring index system, Giant Panda Qinling beneficial to save cost monitoring, under the prerequisite of objective, rapid and accurate, in time for the wild monitoring data of Giant Panda habitat and the present situation of Qinling develop accurate assessment, to know exactly what the Qinling Giant Panda and for the change of habitats, adjust protection strategy, so as to effectively carry out the work of protecting the Qinling Panda subspecies. The index system and evaluation and the establishment of the model for local nature reserve developing ecological monitoring and demonstration.
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