| Masson pine plantation is one of the larger plantations in southern China. The plantation managers have focused on the quality of masson pine plantation such as productivity, resistance and ecological condition.Especially for successive planting of pure plantation, issues like soil degradation and serious diseases and insect pests become increasingly outstanding. The paper used Zijinshan national farm in Hengshan county of Hunan province as the research object and had studied the biological evaluation of soil health and assessment of stand health, monitoring of main diseases,bio-manipulation of soil health and biological control of main insect pests as well as recovery of ecological function of the undergrowth vegetation, the main results were as follows:(1) Biological evaluation of soil health of masson pine plantation. In this study, the system of soil biological evaluating indicators that was based by applying method of statistical analysis. The first principal component Y1mainly reflected the variables of microbial activity index which contains bacteria, fungi, total microbes, azotobacter, phosphorus bacteria, minerals bacteria, dehydrogenase, urease, microbial biomass C, microbial biomass N, basal respiration, stromal induction respiration, organic matter, rapidly-available N and P. It accounted for75.815%and played important roles. Use soil integrated fertility index (IFI) as final evaluation standard of soil, the result showed soil health was not good in different stand ages Pinus massoniana forest.(2) Stand activity and health assessment of masson pine plantation. Used the method of functional key performance indication of composite structure, to build the stand's vitality and healthy assessment indicator system of Pinus massoninana plantations, structured by3criteria-population vitality of Pinus massoninana, ecological health of vegetation type, and resistance vitality of stand, and14Index hierarchys affiliated. The diverse phases of cultivation of Pinus massoninana plantations in Hengshan Mountain was taken as sub-compartment samples to evaluate,15of which, with5distinct growing stages, were put in stand vitality and health assessments. The total stand's vitality and healthy conditions of masson pine plantations are in a sub-healthy state. By using the principal component analysis method, it was obtained that pest and disease index, Shannon Wiener index, species richness and Stand flammable index were determined to be the vitality and health key factor for Pinus massoniana plantations.(3) Remote sensing monitoring of main diseases in masson pine plantation. Taking different health condition of pinus massoniana plantation in south as the research object, field survey Pestalotiopsis funerea Desm, measured the canopy spectral reflectance of the corresponding and chlorophyll content, the results indicate: the derivative spectra of Pinus massoniana could respond to the changes of the deasase and the chlorophyll content better than the original spectra, furthermore, the important indicatory region that described the healthy condition of vegetation was from the red light to the "red edge" in the near infrared region. When trees were under disease stress, the chlorophyll content decreased gradually and the" red valley" due to strong absorption of the chlorophyll content disappeared gradually in red light region with the severity of the disease aggravating. At the same time, the positions of the red edge displayed "blue shift" successively with the severity of disease aggravating, and the slope of the red edge decreased little by little. The pridciton accuracy of stepwise regression model built using red edge characteristic parameters that had better indicatory function of the disease and the chlorophyll content of Pinus massoniana was higher, which can be as a preferential model.(4) Biological control technique of soil health of masson pine plantation. Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi Tissue isolated and cultured,acquire Pure mycelium(cpy-2and cpy-4).They Belong to Suillus and Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Cooke et Couch. Isolate strains yL14has phosphorus solubilizing capability of the strains with the molybdenum blue spectrophotometry indicated that yL14showed stronger ability of dissolving phosphorus, yL14belonged to the genus Pseudomonas fulva. Its phosphate solubilization capacity was65.14mg/L. Ectomycorrhizal fungi cpy-2and cpy-4,phosphate-solubilizing bacteria yL14,potassium-releasing bacteria K50does not exist biological antagonistic relationship. Obvious synergies fermentation broth mixture. According to the volume of1:1:1:1mixed liquid culture fermentation liquid by volume1:10adsorbed on sterilization (peat:Bentonite:corn flour=3:2:2) mixed carrier adsorption treatment by agents:carrier the best ratio of1:10, made into a solid composite agents. The quality of the determination of composite agents,Quality indicators in the agents have reached the standard of the People's Republic of China on the agricultural industry standard NY/T798-2004.Carried out with the compound microbial inoculant and chemical fertilizers in different proportions of Pinus massoniana seedlings. The results showed that:Microbial agents40%+chemical fertilizers60%is the best combination model,it can promote the growth of Pinus massoniana and improve the rhizosphere soil microecology.Seedling height increased by77.6%, ground diameter increase of38.7%, biomass increased by158.1%. Pinus massoniana rhizosphere microbes, also increased by79.3%,43.3%increase in soil organic matter, soil available nitrogen increased by21.42%,121.83%increase in soil available P, soil available K increased by48.38%.(5) Biological control of main pests in masson pine plantation. Dioryctria splendidella is a major pest of Pinus massoniana. Using the M. cordata, C. maxima peels and P. americana L. ethanol extracts against the larvae of Dioryctria splendidella the bioactivities of the non-selective antifeedant effect, growth inhibition and contact toxicity were determined. The results showed that the bioactivities of three plant extracts against the larvae of Dioryctria splendidella increased with concentration. All indexes were comparatively good when the concentration was100g·L-1. The CTC was127.67with M. cordata, C. maxima peels and P. americana L. at ratio of1:1:1, which also had synergistic effect. The overall results indicated that the best mixture combination were C. maxima peels extracts and P. americana L. extracts at ratio of1:3,the CTC was170.02. Screening synergist, solvent and emulsifier of compound liquid of the three plants and measuring the effect of lab control and forest control, the botanical compound emulsion formula S2was finally determined:the three plant extracts was in volume ratio1:1:1, which accounted for30%, the synergist turpentine, the solvent DMSO and the emulsifier Secretary Ban-20accounted for5%,55%and10%, respectively.(6) Eological function Recovery of undergrowth vegetation in masson pine plantation. It was showed different stages of Pinus massoninana plantations investigation of108kinds of plants species,56families under91genera, in Zijin Mountain National Forest, Hengshan County, Hunan Province. It were established four vegetation restored mode in middle young growth of pinus massoniana plantation, respectively is Forest-fertilizer, Forest-medicine, and forest-grass and agroforestry mode.The number of bacterial populations of the agroforestry mode increased the highest to525.39×104cfu/g, and the effects of others were in the order of forest-medicine mode> forest-fertilizer(lespedeza davidii franch) mode> forest-grass mode> forest-fertilizer(Amorpha fruticcosa) mode.The number of actinomycetes populations which reached13.44×104cfu/g increased the highest in the forest-fertilizer(lespedeza davidii franch) mode, and the effects of others were in the order of forest-fertilizer (Amorpha fruticcosa) mode> forest-medicine mode>agroforestry mode> forest-grass mode. The content of total nitrogen and available nitrogen of both forest-fertilizer modes increased substantially with forest-fertilizer(lespedeza davidii franch) mode0.67g/kg and32.09mg/kg respectvely and forest-fertilizer (Amorpha fruticcosa) mode0.65g/kg and25.1mg/kg respectively. Forest-medicine, agroforestry and forest-grass modes had little effect on total nitrogen of soil.All the five modes could increase total potassium content of soil, and the highest increase was the forest-medicine mode and reached0.36g/kg.The increase of total nitrogen of soil in both forest-fertilizer modes was0.27g/kg(lespedeza davidii franch) and0.28g/kg(Amorpha fruticcosa), respectively, but the effects between them were not significant.The total nitrogen of soil in the forest-grass mode increased least to0.08g/kg.Compared with control plots, the effects of different restoration modes on growth of pine were more obvious.In4-year old plantation, the annual stem growth of each plant was two times more than that of plantation without restoration. The numerical value was small in10-year old plantation but also ranged from1.3to1.7times.The highest increase of annual stem growth of each plant was the forest-medicine mode.
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