Research Of Simulation On Forest Firefighting Based On CAS Theory And Crawler-type Pneumatic Extinguisher

Forest fire freely spreads in an open system. The spread influenced and restricted by much factors such as weather, fuel, and topography. The topography in forest is complex, and the weather is variable, so that the combustion process is complex and variable, with uncertainty, unpredictability, and nonlinearity. As the prototype experiment of forest fires is almost impossible, so the computer simulation in this field is even more meaningful. The simulation of firefighting is prediction or reproduction of the process in which fire spread and fighter team fighting in the forest fires existing already or in certain conditions possibly coming up, and is emulation of the fighting process in which the fighters fight fires using tools with the orders of fighting commander. The statistics and analysis after the simulation could provide scientific and dependable reason for fighting commander. This simulation could improve the organization ability of commander for fighting practice, train the commander's tactical ideas and awareness, research the new ways of firefighting, argument the performance of new firefighting tools, and so on.Complex Adaptive System theory is that the current research results of complexity scientific. In the theory, the system is constituted by the agents with interaction and adaptability.Between the interactions, agents can constantly "learn" or "accumulate experience", and change their structure and behavior, based on lessons learned to adapt to the environmental requirements.This paper, in complexity science perspective, took the forest fire spread and fighting as a complex adaptive system, committed to build the simulation system for forest firefighting based on Complex Adaptive System theory, realize the simulation of forest fire spread, fighting action of fighter agent, and decision analysis function of fighting commander. The main content of this paper included the following respects:This paper analyzed the complexity of fire spread and fighting based on the Complex Adaptive System theory, in accordance with the characteristics of forest fire and fighting activities, presented all features of forest firefighting system, as a Complex Adaptive System, and took these features as the theory foundation of building the simulation to forest firefighting system. Based on multi-agent technology, taking the intelligence adaptive body in different levels as the basic units, established the whole framework of the firefighting model, by the description of agent's behavior and relationship, and the information transfer and action mechanism between agents in different levels, and divided the forest firefighting system into FireAgent, FighterAgent and CommanderAgent.Simulated fire spread by the fire agent model, presented an ideal model for fire spread based on the law of conservation of energy, and eatablished the forest fire spread simulation model based on the forest fire spread mathematical model established by Wang Zhengfei, adopted the Genetic Algorithm to generate rules to guiding Fire-agent's spread behavior, and realized the Fire agent's adaptability behavior. After that, we established CommanderAgent model and FighterAgent model, simulated performance and activities of fighters and commanders by the definition of the two kinds of agents'attributes and behaviors.We developed the simulation program on the Agent-oriented platform Repast Simphony, designed the structure of firefighting simulation system, which was composed of context, agent class, behavior class, visualization and data statistics. Built the fire context and projection of agents, grid projection, network projection and geography projection; built SimlpeAgent, which is the parent class of all agents, and detailed designed the attributes and behaviors of agent class, built initialization class for the simulation model, and run the simulation. Afterwards, we built the visualization for context and agents, the data sets and charts for agents. Configured simulation parameters and run simulation. Then, we made the forest fire spread and firefighting test using the data of Mao'er mountain forest farm of the North East Forestry University.In order to improve the performance of the fighter agents, this paper designed and produced of a new type tool with the ability to move, which was named as Crawler-type Pneumatic Extinguisher, designed its components, including track, engine, fan, fixed frame, wind tube and handle.Built the3D model in PRO/Engineer for Crawler-type Pneumatic Extinguisher, and produced the sample machine, made the movement experiment and extinguishing experiment.