Guizhou Endemic Plants And Generous The Oil Kirilowii The System

Trichosanthes dafangensis N.G. Ye et S.J.Li only located in the territory ofGuizhou province, which is a endemic botany of spermatophyte in stenochory. Thesignificance of protection is self-evident, though it's not formal listed on theprotective list of Rare and Endangered plants. Its benefits the study and understandthe Trichosanthes origin and evolvement in flora in China, and a kind of wild cashcrop as well as. For better protect and utilize the wild resources of T. dafangensis, thepaper studied the blank space in the field from bioecology, auxolog and biologicalactive ingredient, to protect develop and utilize the wild resources with the scientificbasis in effect.The four parts of the paper are:1．The phylogenetic development study of T. dafangensisBased on the origin and differentiation of T. dafangensis investigate its positionof taxonomy in this paper, take T. dafangensis as an example to study the phylogenyof Trichosanthes by analysis the nine sets of chromosome samples and 17 rDNA ITSsequences of phylogenetic development, combining the research data to investigatethe origin, differentiation and forming of modern distribution pattern of T.dafangensis and expound the position of taxonomy and characteristics based ongeneral morphology. Analysis the chromosome found that part of taxonomical groupof Trichosanthes in diploid level, with the doubling of chromosome, tetraplont andsextuploid over the hyperdiploid limit of distribution in range, illustrated the doublingnumber of chromosome only that part class grouping mutagenesis and evolution forfitting themselves in surroundings-one of intrinsic mechanism; Analysis thephylogenetic development and aromorphosis, research found Trichosanthes have theirroots in Southern Hemisphere low latitudinal region-southern Asia and southeast ofour country is distribution area of the most original breed, later move northwardstepwise, expand the distribution range by spasmodic motion, and then evolved inseparated position. While southwest of our country is also one of differential andmultifarious center; with the orogenetic movements, marine regression and climatechanges in different time, led to the new pattern of Trichosanthes through variation and evolution.Initial diploid have the phenomenon of original features transit to evolvedfeatures-number, ITS sequences, clustering and shape, which sensitive toenvironment and appearance of diffusion resistance etc. All of them showedTrichosanthes is a local origin plant and remain changed and evolved in species,where they grow now is the cradle in the past. The features were speculated thatcomplicated climate conditions, environment and separation and barrier action bymountain and cleuch led to the microclimate long time and made variation andevolution.2．The bioecology study of T. dafangensisIn this paper, habitat, features of climate and characteristics of it's communitytype and populative structure by field research, recorded two years' life history ofthem. Research found male plant and female plant are discontinuous distribution incommunity area and the male group are bigger than female in quantitative scale; theclonal propagation is its major way, few generative propagation come from its seed,while its production capability of roots and stems is high, update in medium. Theclimate features of growing environment mirrored up the species forming the growingcharacteristics in broad leaved forest of being suitable moist, warm but not hot insummer and cool but not cold in winter-which preference growth temperature is10-25℃, soil moisture content is at least 40%. The heavily forest as concentrativedistribution region have characteristics of hot sync with rain, moist and brumous, richsoil and good moisture retention, which formed relative steady microclimate ofcommunity for T. dafangensis, and became the most preponderant habitat situation.As a kind of climber plant, T. dafangensis subject to limitations by forest resources,way of life were disturbed in case, individual became withdraw in open habitat and belimited to a pimping space hard develop to other feasible region of growth. Thecurrent situation of T. dafangensis full illustrated the features of the species thatgeographic distribution limited, highly specialized habitat and small-scale of speciesgroup.Because the phenomenon of sexual multiplication lowly and dormancy of plants,the research investigated the germinate, the result showed episperm problem is the main reason of dormancy, and stacked content of humid sand contributed to destroythe dormancy; viability of seeds relative to humidity level during the storing process,and low humidity and high temperature promote inactivation; the preference bourgeontemperature within 15℃to 25℃.3．Study of T. dafangensis biological activityRounded analysis of nutrient content of T. dafangensis found seeds have morecrude protein, various of mineral composition and complete amino acids-in whichessential amino acids take 35．64%; contents of fatty oil to 45%-unsaturated fattyacids the major ingredients, amount of oleic acid (C_18:1 ) , linoleic acid (C_18:2 ) andEPA (C_20:5 ) to 81．92%, hexadecanoic acid and hexade-stearic acidsaturated is themajor form in saturated fatty acid. More fatty oil and more unsaturated fatty acidsillustrated seeds of T. dafangensis could be used as nutrient substance, as well as theofficinal production, as the reserve force of plant resource, as well as the snack whichcould be developed because unique figure of seed and bonne bouche after cooking.In this paper, analyzed the volatile ingredients of T. dafangensis by GC-MS, identified26 compounds-79．02% of the whole amount of naphtha. Organic acid ester includelong-chain fatty acid methyl ester, methyl ethyl oxalate, ketone andaldehydes-96．19% of identified ingredients, and palmitic acid have 44．79%, whichillustrated the compound is a characteristic compound of T. dafangensis The naphthaingredients of T. dafangensis and plants in same species have similarity, the maincompounds are esters, acids ketone and aldehydes, long-chain fatty acid methyl esterand methyl ethyl oxalate-especially the palmitic acid take 35～56% of totol amount.Esters and corresponding non-esterified fatty acid go together in naphtha infrequent,illustrated esters is one of material foundation in folk use. According to thepharmacological action of the ingredients, research looking for new plant or activeingredient purposefully in the same species.In this paper, solvent extraction the roots of T. dafangensis, after silica gel plateand column chromatography, identified the compound structure by MS andNMR-modern spectrum technology. Gained 21 compounds, identified 17 compoundstructures, they are dihydrogen cucurbitacin, dihydroisocucurbitacin B-25-acetate,cucurbitacinB,cucurbitacinE,dihydrocucurbitacinF,stigmasta-23-alkene-3-itol-25-acetas, daucosterol, stigmasterol,β-sitosterol,β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside-6'-palmitate, 2,3β-dihydroxy-olran-12-en-28-oicacid,2α,3β,23,29-tetrahydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid,3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)α-L-arabinopyranosyl-23-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, adenosine, palmitic acid, heptacosanoic acid, four of them are separatedfrom the plant first time, and 17 compounds are identified first time too.Paper studied the root system of T. dafangensis based on the research ofingredients analysis, used methods of solvent extraction, column chromatography andspectrographical identification etc. Established HPLC content test-curbitacin ascontrol, and surveyed the content of cucurbitacin B of peel in four different origins.The results showed amount of cucurbitacin B in earthnut is three times more than inpeel. cucurbitacin B has pharmacological activity and biggish toxicity, thus theearthnut can not be used as trichosanthin, while can be used as natural source ofcucurbitacin. Content of cucurbitacin B in peel of T. dafangensis is more higher than T.kirilowii Maxim.(Trichosanthes), should be calculate the dose in folk use to avoid thetoxic reaction.4．Study of pharmacological activity of T. dafangensisThree different extracted positions and inhibited effect of eight monomer toculture tumor cells in vivo of T. dafangensis by Hela cell strains and KB cell strains,compared the activity of anti-tumor. The study found extractions have different degreeof inhibited effect to tumor cells in vivo. Ability of inhibited effect of extractions toKB cell strains are: extraction of the extraction of acetidin, TD-9 > TD-8 > theextraction of n-butanol >TD-15 > TD-11 > TD-4> TD-7 > extraction of sherwood oil;Ability of inhibited effect of extractions to Hela cell strains are: the extraction ofacetidin,TD-15>the extraction of n-butanol>TD-9>TD-4>TD-8,TD-7．Anti-tumorability of ethyl acetate extraction, the extraction of acetidin, the extraction ofn-butanol, TD-8, TD-9, and TD-15 are better, worth for next test.In order to survey the utilization situation of T. dafangensis in folk, paper tookcardiovascular pharmacological action as reference, experienced the anti-oxygen-poorand antiarrhythmic test. The results showed peel solution and sterols extraction couldextend the life time action of anti-oxygen-poor, while the difference is not notablecompared with control group. But the mega dose group of sterols extraction andPropranolol has remarkable antiarrhythmic activity which caused by chloroform, andcould carry out the anti-aconitine test and Uabain developed arrhythmia test stepwise.In a word, above-mentioned study help to fine two achievements, they are:In study of protection, research collected biology data of special habitat and species group features, current situation and bourgeon characteristic of T. dafangensisin Guizhou, expounded the back ground of phylogeny, investigated the position ofphylogenetic development, they are benefit for understand the biological significanceof regionality, particularity and carrying out effective protection of T. dafangensis Instudy of development and utilization, research analyzed biological activity andpharmacological activity of seeds, peel and root system of T. dafangensis, make surethat the economic value and material foundation of folk use of T. dafangensis firsttime, provide the scientific foundation for rational utilization in effect.