Studies On The Chemical Constituents Of The Stems Of Zygophyllum Fabago L. And The Flowers Of Althaea Rosea

Zygophyllum fabago L. belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family, Zygophyllum genus. It is widely distributed in northwest region of China. The roots and barks of the plant were used as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. In order to make further use of the Chinese herbal resources and find active compounds, we have undertaken a systematic investigation on the chemical constituents of the barks of Zygophyllum fabago L.Twenty three compounds were isolated from the ethanolic extracts of the barks of Zygophytlum fabago L. Twenty two of them were identified by using various modern spectrometric approaches, including UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY, EI-MS, ESI-MS etc., of which six were new compounds, eight isolated from the genus for the first time, and 27-nor-triterpenoid glycosides were isolated from the Zygophyllaceae family for the first time. Among these new compounds, there were one 27-nor-triterpenoid glycoside and five teiterpenoid and saponins with sulfo group, named fabagoside A (LTB-11), fabagoin(LTB-17), fabagoside B (LTB-16), fabagoside C (LTB-19), fabagoside D (LTB-21) and fabagoside E (LTB-22). Others were stigmast-4-en-3-one (LTB-1), n-noctacosanol (LTB-2), n-dotriacontanol (LTB-3),β-sitosterol (LTB-4), quinovic acid (LTB-5), daucosterol (LTB-6), 3-O-[β-D- quinovopyranosyl]-pyrocincholate (LTB-7), kaempferol (LTB-8), 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-cincholic acid (LTB-9), 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-quinovic acid (LTB-10), nahagenin (LTB-12), 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl]-quinovic acid (LTB-13), adenosine (LTB-14), astragalin (LTB-15), 3-O-[β-D-2-O-sulphonyl-quinovopyranosyl]-quinovic acid-28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (LTB-18), astragalin 3"-O-sulfate (LTB-20).Althaea rosea Linn. Cavan. Diss, a plant of the Malvaceae family, is widely distributed in southwest region of China. It is used to remove toxic heat, dispel swelling, promote blood stasis. In order to promote the development of ethnic drugs, a phytochemical investigation has been carried out.Twenty seven compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of the flowers of Althaea rosea Linn. Cavan. Diss. Twenty five of them were identified by using spectrometric approaches, including UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, ¹H-¹HCOSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY, EI-MS, ESI-MS etc., of which one was new compound and thirteen were isolated from the genus for the first time. The new compound was flavonoid glycoside, named roseside A(SKH-18). Others were nonacosane (SKH-1), ethyl palmitate (SKH-2), octacosanoic acid (SKH-3),β-sitosterol (SKH-4), cinnamic acid (SKH-5), anisic acid (SKH-6), ferulic acid (SKH-7), p-coumaric acid (SKH-8), daucosterol (SKH-9), salicylic acid (SKH-10), saxifragin (SKH-11), naringenin(SKH-12), 5, 7, 8, 4'-tetrahydroxy- 3-methoxyflavone (SKH-13), apigenin (SKH-14), fumaric acid (SKH-15), kaempferol (SKH-16), (2S, 3S) -3, 5, 7, 4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (SKH-17), choerospondin (SKH-19), astragalin (SKH-20), (2R, 3R) -5, 7, 4'- trihydroxyflavanone-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (SKH-21), isoliquiritin (SKH-22), tiliroside (SKH-23), rutin (SKH-24), myricetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (SKH-25).Several compounds isolated from the barks of Zygophyllum fabago L. and the flowers of Althaea rosea Linn. Cavan. Diss were tested for the antitumour activities in vitro. The results indicated that five compounds isolated from Zygophyllum fabago L. showed some antitumour activities. In addition, the thesis also reviewed the research advances of the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Zygophyllum genus and Althaea genus.