| Platycodon grandiflorum A.DC. belongs to the Campanulaceae family, and the roots of which, Radix Platycodonis, have been used as either a food material or a traditional oriental medicine for diseases such as bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. In order to make further use this Chinese herbal resources, a phytochemical investigation has been carried out.Twelve compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum using various modern chromatographic techniques. On the basis of classical chemical methods and modern spectrometric approaches, including 1HNMR, 13CNMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and ESI-MS, etc., their structures were established. Among the compounds identified, two were found to be new compounds, and three were isolated from this plant for the first time.The two new compounds identified were both triterpenoid saponins named as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2β,3β,12α,16α,23,24-hexahydroxy-oleanane-28(13)-lactone and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2β,3β,12α,16α,23α-penta hydroxy-oleanane-28(13)-lactone, respectively.In addition, the known compounds included a flavonoid and nine triterpenoid saponins. Their structures were identified as follows: tangeritin(Ⅰ), 3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosylplatycodigenin Methyl Ester(Ⅱ), 3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl platicogenic Acid A Lactone(Ⅲ), 3-O-β-D-Glucopyranosylplatycodigenin(Ⅳ), deapioplatyconic acid-A lactone(Ⅴ), platycosideG1(Ⅵ), platycoside E(Ⅶ), deapioplatycodin D(Ⅷ), platycogenin(Ⅸ) and platycodin-D(Ⅹ). Among these known compounds identified, compounds Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ were isolated from this plant for the first time.
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