| Depression is a series clinical symptom or states in which was caused by many complex reason and the patients experience a sustained low mood, it is a kind of mood disorders or affective disorders. Depression has bring many serious harm to us and modern chemical medicine have put many efforts on the study of depression, but several hundred years have passed, we still can't make it fully clarified in the field of modern medicines. Also, in treating depression, there are some bland spots and secondary action in modern medicines.But, as a matter of fact, Chinese medicine has already been used as a therapy to treat depression for thousands of years. We have our special theory to deal with this disease and it has been confirmed effectiveness in treating both the core and the side symptoms. So how to develop its advantages, clarify its mechanism, and improve its positive effectiveness, has become an urgent and valuable researching topic to the scientific researchers.This thesis is a foundation research which is a part of a series projects of depression belong to my tutor professor Tu, and this research will supply the basis theory foundation for the clinical research next to it.Objective: We built some behaviors tests to observe the depression-like symptoms of the chronic stress depression rats model and the influences of Traditional Chinese Medicine on them. At the same time, we try to find some new ways of how depression occurs and whether the anti-depression mechanisms of T.C.M. methods are through this ways.Methods: The depression rats model was built by chronic stress on them, then they were assigned into 5 groups: the control group, the model group, the Prozac group, the NY-3 group, the EA group, each has 10 rats. To observe the influence of T.C.M. on the behaviors about movements, appetite and learning of them; The expression of GR,NMDA,NR2B,PKA,CREB,Nestin,ChAT and 5-HT in hippocampal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical technology. Results:1. Behavior results of the chronic stress depression rats models:1.1 Open-Field test:1.1.1 Results of plane-moving:The total distance traveled by the model rats was declined compare with the contral group(P<0.01), and which of the EA group and NY-3 group was also declined(P<0.01) but still more than the model rats(P<0.01).While the distance has no significant change in the Prozac group(P>0.05). There is no difference between the NY-3 group and the EA group(P>0.05)。The total distance of each group was changed at the 10th day, the EA group does work faster than the other two treating groups and it's total distance was the nearest to the control group. But the later effect of EA was not so good.1.1.1 Results of vertical-moving:Compare with the contral group, the numbers of standup of the model rats was declined significantly(P<0.01) but which of the EA group and NY-3 group were more than the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05). The numbers of standup of the EA group is more than the NY-3 group(P<0.05)。The total distance of each group was changed at the 10th day, the Prozac group does work faster than the other two treating groups and it's total distance was the nearest to the control group. There is no difference between the NY-3 group and the EA group. In this test, the EA group work well in the first 10 days, but it's effection dropped in the last 10 days.1.2 Force swimming test:It showes that the still-swimming time of the model group declined than the contral group(P<0.01), and which of the three treating groups was increased than the model group(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05). The results of stilling-time of this three treating group is not as much as the contral group.1.3"Y"-mazing test:1.3.1 Learning results:Compare with the contral group, chronic stress could week the rats'ability of learning(P<0.01), and the NY-3 group and the EA group can anty this change(P<0.01) while the Prozac group showes no changes(P>0.05).1.3.2 Memory results:Compare with the contral group, chronic stress could reduce the rats'ability of memory ability(P<0.01,P<0.05) and the NY-3 group and the EA group could enhance this ability(P<0.01).1.4 Results of Sugar intake test: Compare with the contral group, the sugar intake a- mount of model group dropped (P<0.01). While the sugar intake amount of all the tresting groups was much more than the model rats(P<0.05或P<0.01); EA group shows significantly differences when compared with the other treating groups(P<0.01).2.Results of the CRF in hypothalamus, ACTH in pituitary gland, CORT in adrenal gland by RIA method: CRF, ACTH and CORT were increased greatly in the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05)and even the EA and the NY-3 group did not show great effect of decreased the CRF and CORT level significantly but we can see the kind of trend in them.3.The expression of GR,NMDA,NR2B in hippocampal tissue detected by immunohistochemical technology:3.1 GR in hippocampal:Compared with the contral group, GR in hippocampal of the model rats was reduced than the contral group(P<0.01) while GR in hippocampal of the three treating groups showes no difference(P>0.05). GR in hippocampal of the EA groups was the nearest to the contral group than the other two.3.2 NMDAR in hippocampal : Compared with the contral group, NMDAR in hippocampal of the model rats was reduced than the contral group(P<0.05) while the three treating groups showes no difference(P>0.05). There was no difference among the EA ,NY-3 and the Prozac group(P>0.05).3.3 NR2B in hippocampal:Compared with the contral group, NR2B in hippocampal of the model and NY-3 groups was reduced than the contral group(P<0.01) while the EA and the Prozac groups showes no difference(P>0.05). The NY-3 group shows the weakest effection among the three treating groups. (P<0.01)4.The expression of PKA,CREB in hippocampal tissue detected by immunohisto- chemical technology:4.1 PKA in hippocampal:Compared with the contral group, PKA in hippocampal of the model rats was reduced than the contral group(P<0.05) while PKA in hippocampal of the three treating groups showes no difference(P>0.05). In this test, it showes that the Prozac group has little effection than the NY-3 group and the EA group.4.2 CREB in hippocampal:Compared with the contral group, CREB in hippocampal of the model rats was reduced than the contral group(P<0.01) while CREB in hippocampal of the three treating groups showes no difference(P>0.05). Compared with the model group, CREB in hippocampal of the three treating groups showes great difference(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01) and there is no difference between the three treating groups(P>0.05).5.Nestin in hippocampal:Compared with the contral group, Nestin in hippocampal of the model rats showes no difference(P>0.05) while the NY-3 group and the EA group also showes no difference(P>0.05). Nestin in hippocampal of the Prozac group was the lest among all the groups (P<0.01).Conclusions:1.Cronic stress rat model shows some depression-like psychological symptoms such as movement and curricity reduced helpless, lack of happiness and the ability of learning and study reduced. NY-3 and acupouncture have the recover to reduce these symptoms.2.Cronic stress could activate the path way of HPA continually and NY-3 and acupouncture could resist it.3.GR,NMDAR,NR2B which was dropped in the model.NY-3 and acupouncture could enhance the sensitivity of the receptors which was dropped in the model. The reason for this maybe too much of Glu stayed in the synaps for so long time. These cause the back reflact of the HPA weaked.4. NY-3 and acupouncture could anti the weekness of expression of PKA and CREB in hippocampal in the model. 5. The expression of Nestin in hippocampal of the model rats was reduced but NY-3 and acupouncture could resist the change. The cappable function may have some relationship with the pathway of HPA-Glu-NMDA.
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