Study On Extraction, Purification And Hypolipidemic Biological Function Of Celery Seeds Oil

Celery seed is the seed of umbelliferae herbage apium.There have abundant resources in our country.Celery seeds are not reasonable and effective to be used.Studies have shown that celery seeds contain abundant oil and pharmacological activities ingredients.Celery seeds have the efficacy on scatter chi,detumescence,diuresis,antitumor,anti-aging and etc.The test selected the celery seeds that had the most output in our country.Celery seeds oil(CSO) was systematic studied.It was very important that determined the technology pathway and its bioactivities to provide theoretical support for developing and utilizing the resources of celery seeds.In this paper,celery seeds oil was extracted by organic solvent extraction(SE), simultaneous water distillation-solvent extraction(SDE)and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction(SFE-CO₂).The light component and weighty component were separated by molecular distillation purification.The physicochemical property and oxidative stability were tested.Nutrient content and ingredients were identified.Microencapsulation CSO was studied. The toxicological evaluation was completed.And the effects of CSO on hypolipidemic and mechanism in hyperlipidemic rats were studied by animal experiment.The main results were as follows:1.The content of crude fat from celery seeds was 19.05%.Celery seed contained 19 kind amino acids including 8 kind sessential amino acids.The content of total amino acid was 230.569mg/g,and the highest content was glutamic acid.Through the analysis by atomic absorption spectrum,the content of mineral elements K was 8.6mg/g,the content of Mg was l.0mg/g.In addition,the content of Na and Fe were plentiful.2.The optimum technical conditions by SE were:granularity was 60 mesh size,liquid seeds ratio was 3:1,soaking time was 48h,evaporation temperature was 50℃.Under these conditions,the extraction yield was 11.47%.The optimum technical conditions by SDE were: granularity was 60 mesh size,liquid seeds ratio was 8:1,soaking time was 12h,distilling time was 8h.Under the conditions,the extraction yield was 4.36%.The optimum response surface technical conditions by SE were:granularity was 60 mesh size,extraction pressure was 21MPa,extraction temperature was 46℃,flow rate of CO₂ was 16L/h,separation temperature was 30℃,incoming stock was 300g every time,extraction time was 2h.Under the optimize conditions,the extraction yield of CSO was 12.04%. 3.The response surface optimum technical conditions by molecular distillation were: charging temperature was 50℃,distillation temperature was 111℃,rotating speed was 214r/min,charging rate was 1.6mL/min.Under these optimize conditions,the yield of weighty constituents distillate was 71.08%.Through analyzing the main constituents of CSO by GC/MS,main components of 91.6%were identified,it included 19 kinds compound.The light constituents were separated as evaporant.The active ingredients including unsaturated fatty acid,NBP,Squalene and etc were separated in weighty constituent distillate.And the relative contents were increased.4.Celery seeds oil contained plentiful unsaturated fatty acid,it was instability.Some external conditions such as temperature,time,oxygen and light could accelerate the oxidation rate.The oxidation rate could defer by adding in some antioxidants.The sequence of inoxidability measurement was:TBHQ＞PG＞BHT＞BHA.The oxidation resistance effect was increased by adding ascorbic acid as synergistic agent.If celery seeds oil was in touch with Cu²⁺,Fe³⁺,the peroxide number would increase obviously.The influence of Cu²⁺was greater. Therefore,the CSO should be preserved at lower temperature,and should avoid touching oxygen,light,metallic ion.In order to prolonging the storage life of CSO,it should be appended right amount antioxidant.5.The content of unsaturated fatty acid including hexadecanoic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidic acid was determined by GC.The optimum chromatogram conditions,it achieved baseline separation.The content of hexadecanoic acid was 92.86mg/g,content of stearic acid was 8.46mg/g,content of oleic acid was 98.71mg/g, content of linoleic acid was 283.24mg/g,content of linolenic acid was 19.69mg/g,content of arachidic acid was 34.28mg/g.The content ofδ-V_E was 86.9μg/g,content ofγ-V_E was 120.6μg/g,content ofβ-V_e was 69.7μg/g,content ofα-V_E was 132.5μg/g.6.Glutin and p-CD were selected as complex wall material to embed celery seeds oil. The optimum prescription of wall material was:rate of core material to wall material was 24.70%,β-CD/glutin was 3.03,total solid concentration was 18.82%,content of emulsifier was 0.75%.The response surface optimum technical conditions of sponging drying were: homogeneity pressure was 32MPa,homogeneity times were there,Inlet air temperature was 181℃,Outlet air temperature was 80℃.Under the optimize conditions,the microencapsulation efficiency was 92.11%,the output was84.46%.The solubility of microcapsule product was well.The release rate in simulation gastric juice could attain 90% after 60min.Storge stability of microcapsule product excelled liquid state CSO.The microcapsule product was globose and its structure was well-distributed.Its ingredients were retained fundamentally by infrared spectrum analysis.7.The irritable toxicology test indicated LD₅₀＞10.00g/kg.The results of Ames test and micronucleus test of bone marrow cell were feminine.So the CSO belonged to innocuity grade.8.The serum TG,TC,LDL-C concentration,ApoB content and atherosclerosis index in rats fed with CSO were significantly lower than those in model group,while serum HDL-C concentration and ApoA I content were higher.CSO could prevent steatosis and cytoclasis causing by high fat diet,and it had dose-dependent.Comparing with model group,SOD activity were increased significantly in serum and liver by feeding with CSO.MDA content were decreased in serum and liver.CSO could increase antioxidase activity,decrease the freeradical.prevent the harm of lipid peroxide and intermediary metabolism.CSO could improve oxidation resistance level of hyperlipemia rats and regulate blood lipid metabolism.As we had seen,the test studied systematically the manufacture technology condition of CSO,analysised its bioactivities ingredients,and determined the hypolipidemic function.The study could provide theoretical support for industrial production of CSO.