The Structural And Activity Study Of Oligosaccharide And Glycopeptide From Dried Wild Ginseng Root

The roots of Panax ginseng (C. A. Mey.) were decocted with water, and then loaded onto a macroporous resin (D101) and eluted with water, the aqueous extract was obtained. The aqueous extract was forced through a Cellulose Superfiltration Systerm and then loaded onto Carbon-Celite column, elution evaporated and lyophilized.The dried 30% ethanol elution from Carbon-Celite column named PGO, was in pharmacology experimental, the result showed that PGO has the enhanced memory effect against scopolamine-induced memory deficit rats with oral and intraperitoneal administration, and the result of intraperitoneal administration group was better, which could recovered. Purification of two samples was carried out by Sephadex G-15 column from PGO, which were named PGO1 and PGO2. Two samples were purified by Bio-gel P-2 column from PGO2, which were named PGO3 and PGO4. The results of sugar composition analysis, methylation analysis, FT-IR spectra and ESI-MS spectrometric analysis showed that PGO1 contained maltose, maltotriose and maltotetraose, PGO3 contained pentasaccharide, hexasaccharide and heptasaccharide. PGO4 was the mixture of glycopeptides.PGO2 was loaded onto the DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column, and then the glycopeptides were eluted by 0.2 mol/L NaCl, named PG-g. The results of sugar composition analysis, methylation and peptide composition analysis showed that the non-reducing terminals are galactopyranosyluronic acid and glucopyranuronic acid, backbone is composed of (1→3)- linked galactopyranosyluronic acid, and (1→6)-linked glucopyranuronic acid, respectively, the branching region, which is a minor component of the backbone, was linked with the side chains of (1→3)- linked galactopyranosyluronic acid and (1→6)-linked glucopyranuronic acid in their C-6 and C-3, respectively, the (1→2,4)-linked arabinopyranoside was the branching point in the backbone. The peptides were composed 14 kinds of amino acids. The oligosaccharide-peptide linkage was formed by Ara and Hyp.The dried 60% ethanol elution from arbon-Celite column was loaded onto Sephadex G-15 column, one sample was obtained named PGS. PGS was loaded onto DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column eluted with water and 0.2 mol/L NaCl, two samples were obtained which named PGS1 and PGS2. PGS1 was oligosaccharide, and PGS2 was glycopeptide. The structure of PGS1 is that the non-reducing terminals are arabinopyranoside and glucopyranoside, the backbone is composed of (1→3)- and (1→4)-linked arabinopyranoside, and (1→4)- and(1→6)-linked glucopyranoside, respectively. The structure of the saccharide portion of PGS2 is that the non-reducing terminals are galactopyranose and glucopyranoside, the backbone is composed of (1→3)- and (1→4)-linked arabinopyranoside, and (1→3,6)-linked glucopyranoside, respectively. The peptides were composed 13 kinds of amino acids. The oligosaccharide-peptide linkage was formed by Ara and Hyp.The result of activity study showed that PGS has the enhanced immune effect. But PGS1 and PGS2 do not have enhanced immune effect, so only PGS1 and PGS2 coexist, the enhanced immune effect could be showed.