Quality Evaluation On Panax Ginseng And It’s Processing Product In Northeast China

To provide the theoretical basis for the production of high-quality Panax ginseng, this paper studied the appearance and internal quality of P. ginseng and its processing products in northeast China, and explored the influence of soil factors on internal quality of P. ginseng. The results were as follows:1. The appearance of10mature white ginseng and radix ginseng from different producing areas were determined and compared. The results showed that the colour and shape of the main root of white ginseng from different producing areas were the same, and radix ginseng alike, but significantly differences in root length, root diameter, reed head length, reed head diameter and rensity. All the white ginseng from different producing areas met the standard of superior product of CNS except white ginseng from Wangqing only met the standard of first grade of CNS. All radix ginseng from different producing areas met the stantard of superior product of CNS except those from Wangqing and Tonghua only met the standard of first grade of CNS. The root length and root diameter of white ginseng is closing upon radix ginseng. The density of radix ginseng is much higher than white ginseng.2. The internal quality of10mature white ginseng and radix ginseng from different producing areas were determined and compared. White ginseng from Changbai, Ji’an(1), Fusong reached the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia and CNS in non-ginsenoside composition, and in addition, the results of comprehensive evaluation by DTOPSIS analysis method was higher than others. Radix ginseng from Kuandian reach the top of comprehensive evaluation by DTOPSIS analysis method. White ginseng from Changbai, Ji’an(1), Fusong reached the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia and CNS in ginsenoside composition. Comprehensive evaluation of white ginseng from Changbai, Ji’an(1), Fusong, Jingyu analysised by DTOPSIS method resulted better than others. Comprehensive evaluation of radix ginseng from Ji’an(1), Fusong, Jingyu, huanren analysised by DTOPSIS method resulted better than others. Through cluster analysis on active components of Panax ginseng, the result showed that white ginseng and radix ginseng from Changbai, Ji’an(1), Fusong are better than others, the P.ginseng from those3producing areas are Chinese GAP P.ginseng planting bases, and thus reflect the importance of GAP for P.ginseng cultivation.3. By studying on the content of mineral elements in P.ginseng plant soil and white ginseng and radix ginseng, and analysising the effect of mineral elements on active ingredients in white ginseng and radix gingseng, the results showed that content of element Fe reached the top of these9mineral elements in the soil, the content of elements K, Ca, Mg is relatively higher, the content of P, Mn, Na, Zn is relatively smaller, the content of element Ni is minimum. And analysis by grey correlation, the result showed that the effect of mineral elements on active ingredients in white ginseng and radix gingseng is significant, the correlation of Fe、Mg、Na、K、 Ni these five elements on active ingredients in white ginseng and radix gingseng is higher compare to others. Content of element K, Ca, Ni is relatively higher than others in white ginseng and radix ginseng, the content of elements Mg, P, Na take the second place, the content of Zn, Mn, Fe is relatively smaller. And analysis by DTOPSIS method, the content of minaeral elements in white ginseng from Kuandian, Ji’an(2), Jingyu, Tonghua these four producing areas is relatively higher in comprehensive ranking, the content of minaeral elements in radix ginseng from Kuandian, Ji’an(2), Jingyu, Tonghua these four producing areas is relatively higher in comprehensive ranking. White ginseng and radix ginseng exhibited strong accumulate ability to K, P, and followed by Na and Ca, the accumulate ability onto Mg, Zn, Ni is relatively smaller, and the accumulate ability onto Fe, Mn is minimum.4. By studying on residues of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in white ginseng and radix ginseng and P.ginseng plant soil, the results showed that residua contents of BHC in white ginseng and radix ginseng from all the producing area do not exceed the permissible maximum limits of the Chinese national standard except white ginseng from Wangqing. The residua contents of DDT and heavy metals as Pb, Cr, Hg, Cu, As were all in accordance with the permissible maximum limits of the Chinese national standard.