On The Methods Of Ancient Chinese Ci Study Criticism

The methods of ci study criticism are the tools & means of ci study criticism. The research into the methods of ci study criticism is exactly the research into the academic tools used in ci study criticism. An in-depth understanding of the methods of ancient Chinese ci study criticism is advantageous to grasping the development sequences of the ancient ci study criticism, thus to get acquainted with all kinds of academic disputes in the field of ci study criticism with expanded horizons by which we could master the characteristics of ci study criticism.The research into ancient Chinese ci study criticism is based on the following three perceptions. The first one is the full recognition of the issues concerning the research into the critical methods in the fields of ancient literary study. The second one is the comprehensive investigation into various sorts of basic literature on ci study and the discovery of the significance of the critical methods possessed by various sorts of literature morphology. The third is choosing the theory of western critical methods, corroborating the critical methods of ancient Chinese literature, and broadening theoretical horizons.The research into ancient Chinese ci study criticism falls into two aspects:the research into literature morphology and the research into thoughts. Chapters 1-3 are about the research into the literature morphology of the methods of ci study criticism, aiming at various sorts of literature morphology and researching into the significance & characteristics of the critical methods of their own, such as notes & commentaries on ci poetry, prefaces & postscripts of ci collections, commenting on ci, annotations of anthologies of ci and selected works of ci. Chapters 4-6 are about the research into the thoughts of the methods of ci study criticism. These three chapters expound, analyze and appraise different sorts of theoretical representation of various critical methods as well as the differences in theoretical thinking from different perspectives & subjects such as exterior times & environmental factors, factors of ci poets and factors of poetry readers. Below are the details:Notes & commentaries on ci poetry prove to be the most important literature morphology in ci study criticism. Notes & commentaries on ci poetry have developed from records of events to elucidation of theories, from desultory utterances to theoretical systems and from brevity to masterpieces, and its development process is also the development process of methods of ci study criticism. According to compilation types, notes & commentaries on ci poetry can fall into two kinds of basic morphology:the originality type and the collecting type. Nonetheless, the two types are not totally different from each other. Original works can collect material, and collected works can involve comments as well. The typical critical methods in notes & commentaries on ci poetry include records of events, commentaries, textual criticism and compilation. Critical methods are different in the intensity of their significance.Prefaces & postscripts of ci collections are another kind of important literature morphology in ci study criticism. As basic literature of ci study, prefaces & postscripts of ci collections are substantial in amount and the number of poets. They are also rich in contents and allow free writing. The critical methods of prefaces & postscripts of ci collections are mainly records of events, explanations, comments, verification & analyses and so on. Thus there're lots of differences from notes & commentaries on ci poetry. For instance, the writers of prefaces & postscripts are acquainted with the writers of ci collections in most cases, their records of events are more dependable, and their comments can hit the nail on the head and are more pertinent.Although commenting on ci, annotations of anthologies of ci and selected works of ci are not the primary critical literature of ci study, they are possessed of unique significance of critical methods. The critical methods utilized by commenting on ci are restricted by types of writing. These methods also make conclusive comments or express authors' intention of criticism by means of comparison of similarities & differences. Annotations of anthologies of ci are a critical method themselves, and this method mainly consist of general comments, comments between the lines of writings, marginal notes, marked dots or small circles for special attention for words & phrases, etc. Though most annotative remarks are succinct, they contain abundant thoughts of ci study. Also, selected works of ci are a kind of critical method themselves, and this critical method embodies selection makers' thoughts in the selection & arrangement of the works, such as being particular about the concord between rhymes & tones for the sake of singing, the comprehensiveness of the selection of candidates & ci for the sake of the ci history, the elucidation of the theories of the works for the sake of developing & enhancing of schools of ci, and the regulation of selected works for the sake of imparting morphology.The times and specific historic environment determine the literary creation of ci as well as morphological criticism. Critical methods, of which the characteristics of the times & the writers of the works get across by learning about the times & the society they lived in, are different from the critical methods used in poetry & prose as regards ci study criticism. As time goes by, it has shifted from being ignored to being widely used, which means that the function of critical methods in ci study criticism has changed and that the thoughts of ci study have varied as well.Creation mode is the method of work completed. Ci poets are the subjects of literary creation. Criticism on ci poets should pay attention to their inner world, and ci poets' literacy creation is the external presentation of ci poets' inner world. The criticism on creative mode needs to be finished by relying on the criticism on the ci poets' inner world and the textual criticism. Hence it would administer to finishing the entire process of this criticism to comprehend the relationship between "utterance" and "meaning" by means of symbolistic critical methods.The poetry readers are the crux of the realization of the value of ci, and they actually criticize works by annotation & acceptance. Annotation & acceptance themselves are possessed of the effects of critical methods. The annotation of ci means that the readers make explanations of ci by specific means, while the acceptance of ci refers to the choices and the value judgments of ci made on the basis of annotation. In this process, the critical method, of which the readers realize the writers' intention & aesthetic creation by using the perceptions & aesthetic elements of the readers themselves, has been widely used, and as the subjects, the readers' wills are embodied as the aesthetic presentation and the reconstitution of the significance of works, which has also come as the result of a compromise between readers' wills and writers' wills via the text of ci.