Genitive Structure Of Mandarin Chinese And Related Syntactic Phenomenon

This dissertation conducts researches on the Genitive structure of Mandarin Chinese and related syntax phenomenon. The first chapter of this dissertation defines the nature of Chinese possession category and it's grammatical form and grammatical meaning. The second chapter of this dissertation mainly explores the semantic structures of genitive structure, it includes the types and the semantic match of the possessor and possessee. studies the establishment of genitive structure based on the three prototypes:ownership, kinship, and part/whole relationships. We also discussed the establishment of the possession relation which based on the cognition of space. The third chapter considers the syntax of genitive structure. It includes the forms of genitive structure and the omitting and emerging of "de(的)". The fourth chapter studies the syntactic changing of genitive structure, it includes the omitting and emerging of predicate, the omitting of the "possessor" and "possessee" of genitive structure, and the splitting and moving of genitive structure.The possession category which was discussed in this dissertation belongs to grammatical-semantic category. When discussed the semantic match of the possessor and possessee, we classified the genitive structure into several category based on different "possessor"(namely person, things, process, time and space). The findings of the research have led to the conclusion that the establishment of the possession category is based on prototypical possession relations (namely ownership, kinship, and part/whole relationships). The possession category borders on the attributes category, there is metaphor relation between the possession category and the space category. The establishment of different prototypical possession category is a process of enlarging, the process happened from the bodies to things, from entities to abstract things, from permanent relation to temporary relation, from common relation to metaphor relation. The reasons of the omitting and emerging of "de(的)" in the genitive structure include syntactical place, cognitive distance, cognitive order, using frequency, pragmatic reasons, text, rhyme and so on, the influences of these reasons on different genitive structure. In the prototypical genitive structure, "de(的)" is necessary, it can be used to emphasize the "possessor", the meaning of the genitive structure is to show possessive relation. When the possessive relation means old message, "de(的)" is always not necessary to the genitive structure, when the possessive relation means new message, "de(的)" is always necessary to the genitive structure. The omitting of predicate in the phrase "NP1+VP+de(的)+NP2" is because of the meaning of "VP", when the meaning of "VP" is related to the behavior which is about the establishment of ownership or the behavior which is based on ownership. The semantic role of "NP1" is different in the conceptual structure, it can be agentive, patient, dative, time and place. The omitting of the "possessor" of genitive structure is related to the salience and specificity of "possessor" and "possessee". The splitting and moving of genitive structure is a grammar phenomenon related to the sentence such as "Wangmian died (sile) his father". We discussed this grammar phenomenon based on conceptual structure theory, the "dye-event" is a canonical event model, the participant of "dye-event" which is prominent can be mapped as the subject of the sentence. In the sentence "A V sile(死了) X de(的)Y", the reason is "AV", the consequence is "sile(死了)Y", "X" was influenced by "sile(死了)Y". when the speaker pay more attention on the influence of the "dye-event" but the reason, "X" was mapped as the subject of the sentence.