The Feasibility Study Of Comprehensive Archaeogeophysics

Field archaeological investigation required nondestructive detection technology for cultural relic safeguard. Most geophysical methods do not give damaging of underground cultural relics, so it is an inevitable need with the development of archaeological survey. The physical properties of underground archaeological remains are often different with the surrounding. medium, which laid a physical basis for the application of geophysical methods to archaeological survey, Such as rammed earth because after ram fighting, density, dielectric constant and conductivity may be different from the surrounding medium.A variety of geophysical methods, such as ground penetrating radar, resistivity tomography,magnetic,seismic, radioactive and so on could be used as the difference between the archaeological remains and the surrounding media in the electric, magnetic, seismic impedance, the difference in content of radioactive elements.However, a single species of geophysical methods have its advantages and disadvantages, only sensitive to one or two physical properties,which often has multiple solutions and subject to interference.Although a single method may reflect the information of the underground archaeological remains, it is questionable on the accuracy of the archaeological interpretation by it.Hence it is need to do comprehensive geophysical archaeological research.The ultimate goal of the theory study of geophysical archaeologic is successfully applied in archaeological investigations and completion of the archaeological mission. So this paper did the single archaeological geophysics study first and then applied in practice.At the same time did a comprehensive exploration study of the application.Encountered for several archaeological archaeological targets, expand the geophysical forward modeling combined with the actual detection data, to extract the GPR response characteristics of rammed layer (Tengchong Nanzhao city-site), stone(Xi an Tang Ling site), underground tomb (Tengchong Nanzhao city-site); and the resistivity tomography response characteristics of ancient city wall (analog Liangzhu east wall), the ancient river (Liangzhu ancient city-site) in order to guide the actual archaeological exploration.Since many archaeological sites are often located in urban or urban fringe, archaeological survey by GPR would be interfered by modern products,such as power lines, barbed wire, construction, etc. This paper did the forward simulation and system theoretical analysis by finite difference and ray theory to extracte the reflection interference feature of objects above ground. It provides a basis for effective identification and suppression interference.As underground archaeological goal is three-dimensional, it is necessary to carry out three-dimensional geophysical archaeologic research. This paper did the display and practical application study of three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and three-dimensional resistivity tomography. The results show that compared with the two-dimensional detection, three-dimensional detection combined with an effective three-dimensional display software, can provide richer information, and more accurate and credible archaeological interpretation.This is the first application of comprehensive geophysical methods at Liangzhu ancient city-site to survey the ancient water system outside and inside the ancient city. The effective detection of the accumulation of cultural layer was made by comprehensive geophysical methods. This pape also did the actual detection study of the east City Wall Ruins in Liangzhu ancient city-site by multichannel analysis of surface waves method,which is the first time at home and abroad.Practical application in different sites showed that the theoretical research of this paper has practical value, which can be applied to actual archaeological investigation.