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Study On The Neolithic Liangzhu City Based On Geomorphological And Quaternary Methods

Posted on:2013-02-10Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:J T WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2215330374967379Subject:Physical geography
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The southwest corner of the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain is one of the concentration areas of the Liangzhu cultural sites in Taihu Basin. Many well-known Liangzhu cultural sites are located in this area. The Neolithic Liangzhu city reveals that Liangzhu culture once went into a period of great prosperity. The discovery links all the archeology ruins together. On the basis of field survey and sampling around Liangzhu ancient city which is the main object of this study, we use geomorphological methods and Quaternary methods to study the geomorphological environment and materials of the ancient city wall. The preliminary conclusions are as following:(1) The Neolithic Liangzhu city walls use a unified way of construction, bottom-up followed by the raw soil layerâ†'pad layerâ†'pad rock layerâ†'rammed earth layer, reflecting the ancient city on the overall consistency and the same building time. The north wall site is the best preserved one of the four wall sites above the surrounding farmland nearly4m; the west and south walls have been eroded and have the same altitude with surrounding farmland.(2) The walls artificial accumulation mainly refers to the earthy accumulation, including rammed earth layer and the pad layer. Take the north city wall for example: rammed earth layer layers are mainly clayey silt. The average concentration of clay, silt and sand are33.64%,63.53%and2.84%. The massic magnetic susceptibility varies in the range of10.29-50.43, an average of23.35. It has low organic matter content, the TOC average of0.29%. The pad layer is also clayey silt and the content of clay, silt and sand is31.3%,66.2%and2.5%. The massic magnetic susceptibility is7.46. It has high organic matter content,4.52%. The pad layer of north wall is dark in color, viscous, and therefore has strong adhesion and impermeability so that it plays a very important role in firming the basement of walls.(3) The rammed layer samples are similar with Mantou hill samples in many indictors such as the particle size, probability cumulative curves, massic magnetic susceptibility, TOC, stable element and oxide content and clay mineral, while different with the samples of Layer3and Layer4from this plain area, suggesting that the the artificial accumulation from the nearby natural mound. The elevation difference between the raw soil top under west wall and the raw soil top of WW1drill shows that "near earth" may also be one of the artificial accumulation materials.(4) The relative age of the Neolithic Liangzhu city was between the Liangzhu culture period and Layer3formed time. The judgment is mainly based on the following:1) The basement of walls is above the raw soil layer widely distributed at Liangzhu culture district. This layer is underlying strata of Liangzhu cultural sites and covered with Layer4in the non-site area;2) The accumulation characteristics of Mantou hill and Majinkou is different with the plain area soil. These mounds had already existed during Liangzhu culture period from the elevation difference. While the artificial accumulation is close to these mounds' samples, maybe the mounds in the same category in Liangzhu period are direct provenance of artificial accumulation;3) North wall outside deposits are slope deposites under the force of gravity and artificial force judged by occurrence and experimental indicators, in which broken pottery and plant ashes of Liangzhu period are found;4) North wall outside slope deposits are covered with Layer3. On top of Layer3is historical arable layer which is belonging to Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States period. So the age of Neolithic Liangzhu city is earlier.
Keywords/Search Tags:Taihu region, Neolithic Liangzhu city, Middle Holocene, Liangzhu culture, Sources
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