The Study On The Systematic Of Cognition

The traditional cognitivism argues that the cognitive process happened in the head is sufficient to finish the whole cognitive task. The activity of cognition can be reduced to the relation between the calculated and physical symbols. The brain seems like an internal system of calculation and processing. But the research and simulate of the cognition based on the perspective of cognitivism has met lots of problems. The traditional cognitivism takes the cognition as the activity happened in the brain, such as study, illation, memory and perception which has no relation with the environment. But the failure of the Artificial Intelligence brings the new inspiration that the achievement of the cognitive target can not be bound to the border of the skull and skins but relies on the boarder systematic conditions. The systematic has become the basic dimension of the cognitive research.The main research approaches of cognition such as situated cognition embodied cognition,extended mind and distributed cognition have reflected the systematic of cognition to some extent. The situated cognition indicates the cognition take the effect from the environment and breaks the restriction of the internalism. It makes the environment to be the background and conditions of the cognition but couldn't realize the coupling meaning and the function pattern. The embodied cognition takes the cognitive process and cognitive ability from the single brain to the whole body cognition, focus the body movement and the nerve organization and forms the holistic understand about the cognition and take the body to be the necessary part in cognition. The extended mind hypothesis tries to eliminate the border of the skull and put the mind (not the brain or cognitive activity) into a broader space. The mind-tools are not something for the cognition but a part of mind with the interaction between the use of mind and the brain.Furthermore, with the cognitive anthropology research, Hutchins points out the cognitive activities always happen and distribute in the particle cultural and historical background. Others, actfacts, external representation and environment are composed of the parts of cognition. Cognition is better to be realized as distributed phenomena. The cognition happens in the interaction between people, artifacts, representation and media. This standpoint which conquers the problem of extended mind is the integration of the above approaches and the new paradigm to reconsider the fields of cognitive science.The traditional cognitivism used to reduce the social cognition to the individual cognition, while the constructivism used to reduce the individual cognition to the social cognition. In fact, the both sides which all have the existent reason cannot reduce to each other completely. They are all mature theory to some extent. While at the same time, how to resolve the conflict between the cognitive structure and the social structure depend on the interaction and composing. The theory of distributed cognition can be the bridge between them, which will break the closed cognitive structure and will extend to the social structure and the cultural structure.