School Study

This thesis is mainly studying and analyzing the Clouds School (Yunjian Pai School). The Clouds School occurred in the period that the Ming Dynasty was replaced by the Qing Dynasty. It is outstanding for its regional and familial characteristics. In the aspect of its literary thoughts, the school insisted in restoring to the ancient rules. In the aspect of poetry, it tended to imitate the style of Qianqizi (seven famous writers in the early Ming dynasty) and also Houqizi (another seven famous writers born after Qianqizi in the Ming dynasty) and set the criteria in the Han Dynasty ,the Wei Dynasty and also the Zenith Period of the Tang Dynasty as their own In the aspect of Ci (a typical Chinese poetry, originating in the Tang Dynasty and fully developed in the Song Dynasty )it learnt a lot from the masters in the Southern Tang Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty. According to this,(i.e. in the aspect of poetry and Ci, the Clouds School learnt form different schools or styles) the Clouds School is divided into two sub-schools in this thesis: the Clouds School in poetry (Yunjian Shi Pai School) and the Clouds School in Ci (Yunjian Ci Pai School). Among those who were creative in the Clouds School there were many distinguished leading masters, who not only gained great reputation in the literature circle but also extremely influenced the literature in the Qing Dynasty and even in modem time. Therefore here we select three masters: Chen Zilong, Liu Rushi and Xia Wanchun to study and analyze them with special chapters. The literary theory of the Clouds School is conservative to some degree, which made the members of the school stick too stubbornly to the old rules during their courses of creation. However, they were able to bravely face the hard and cruel reality and greatly broke through the limits of Confucian poetry rule: "to be tender and to be gentle". In this sense, this school was full of the times spirits that described the world as it was.As the Clouds School appeared in the special period of the replacement of the dynasties, it served as a connection link between the preceding schools and the following schools. Compared with the Clouds School in Poetry, the Clouds School in Ci is especially more important in connecting the following schools, for it directly initiated the reviviscence of Ci in the Qing Dynasty. This thesis places the Clouds School in the circumstance of the replacement of the dynasties and studies and researches the school from the pluralist angle of view in history, culture,aesthetics, psychology and so on. By doing this we hope to explore the thoughts implicature and the aesthetic value of the Clouds School.This dissertation consists of the introduction.the nine -chapter main body and the conclusion.The introduction briefly presents such characteristics of the Clouds. School as its regional nature and family nature the inner relationship between Clouds Ji group and the Clouds literary School,and the present research into the Yunjian literary School.lt also introduces the research approaches and materials quoted.Chapter I deals with the regional literal art traditions and illustrious families which were the basis for the development of the regional rural literature.illustrious families were the core of group literary creation of the Clouds literary School.The establishment of the Clouds literary School was closely related to the economic prosperity in the South of the Changjiang Raver.Chapter II elaborates on the theorietical structure of the Clouds literary School and its clan formation.The Yunjian literary School's theory is composed of two main elements pragmatism and back-to-the ancients ideology.Ji group was both a political and literary group whose members accounted for the main body the Clouds literary School.ChapterEI discusses Clouds Poem School in two aspects: theme orientation and aesthetic taste. As a poetry school ,the creation of Clouds School is a reflection of group choice.ChapterIV amalyses some piets weth achievements from Clouds School,emphasizing their...