| Situated at the juncture area of agriculture and husbandry in China, Xiliaohe region is one of the most important original places for the formation and initial development of China's states and civilization Because the transition happening during the late recent Epoch from the Old Stone Age to the New Stone Age was thoroughly the result that ancient people took advantage of nature and adapted themselves to circumstance, the traditional economic practice of hunting and collecting seeds in the Old Stone Age still remained completely long after the arrival of the New Stone Age in this region, which determined the local social production structure from the New tone Age to the early Bronze Age experienced a long-term transformation-from mainly hunting and seed-collecting to mainly farming so that this period is called early fishing -hunting-farming culture.Xinglongwa Culture, Zhaobaogou Culture, Fuhe Culture and early Hongshan Culture existed during the New stone Age This time, the development of social economy was dominated by fishing and hunting, but from late Hohgshan culture till Xiaoheyan culture, it was a time when people used both stone and bronze so that fishing, hunting and farming were developed equally in social economy, then during lower Xiajiadian Culture, the society advanced into the early Bronze Age so the social economy grow stage on which farming began to play an important role.As far as material civilization achievement is concerned, though the local farming didn't developed as early as that along both vallies of Changjiang River and Huanghe River, it enjoys the same important status as them in terms of the significance as one of the primitive places for appearance of farming. In China, Changjiang valley is the primitive place for rice, Huanghe valley for maize and Xiliaohe region for broomcorn.Traditional fishing, hunting and farming, along with pottery, as well as considerably developed handicraft like textile, lacquer-work and so on all served as the direct material basis to support the occurrence of early civilization factors in this region.Through its whole historical course of development of early fish-hunting culture in Xiliaohe region, the formation process of China's early states can be under-stood as follows. The first phase in the formation process of the early state of China was the so-called village of equality, which was consist of many people who congregated in the village and had same consanguinity. At the same time, the villages of equality were isolated from each other. Then, in the base of the village of equality, the central village with entrenchments came into being. And in the base of the central village with entrenchments the settlement clusters was erected. There appears subsequently social community with characteristics of clan and Tribe Alliance. The next step was the emergence of the castles, which were based on the central village with entrenchments. At the same time political entity was formed. Such entity was charactered on the one hand by the town-village conflicting as well as the unification of the town and its villages around. And on the other hand, the political entity was qualified by the city states. The historical evolution prospect as was discussed upwards just was the basic route as well as fundamental characters of the formation and development process of the early state of China.In terms of development of system culture and ideology, the customs of worshipping dragons and valuing jade, which came into being earlier in societies of sacrificing Heaven and Earth and respecting ancestors, became one of the straight roots from which the system of etiquette civilization stemmed for the later three generations, meanwhile, they also became the most important source of thought and culture for the northern nationalities that rose later coming from the same source, the traditionalinner culture founded by Hongshan Cultures and inherited by nationalitiesliving in the north or south along the Great Wall is indeed the spiritual source pass...
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