King On Behalf Of The Social Hierarchy Structure

This thesis introduces overall the basic conditions of the various social estates and different stratum's identity and status, right and obligation, living plight in Jin dynasty, and approaches the mutual relation between the several social estaies, going from the rank to the rank, social function. The thesis gives deeply the studies to the correlated problem in the history of the Jin dynasty in this basis. The six parts was concluded in the thesis.Part I was an introduction of the whole thesis. It distinguishes the distinction between the social estate and class from the theoretical angles, as well as the particularity and signification in studying Chinese ancient social history. At the same time, the thesis emphasized the importance of combining the ways of the other branch and giving prominence to legal status, right and obligation.Part II was an introduction of the nobles. It determines stratum and describes the political and economical privilege of the aristocrats, as well as the innate character of the noble's contradiction and struggle. The thesis affirms fully the noble's special contribution in political lives in early Jin dynasty and analyzes the profound historical reasons.Part III was an introduction of the official ranks. It discusses the duties, charge and reception of various officials and expounds its character, at the same time, the article provides a detailed record to the origin and changes of the official ranks, and the national legal and institutional restrains to the official ranks. After investigating the expression of the Han official, the author considered their function was the same importance as Nuchen officials. In this part, the essence was the preliminary studies to official stratum.Part IV was an introduction of the common people. It explains the legal status, right and obligation of the kinds of vocation of them. The author thought the pauperization of the Nuchen peasants in slave society was caused not only the living degeneration but also the end of the plundering war and bankruptcy of the traditional slavery economics, and the lack of labor and land was principal reasons of the Nuchen peasants. The article also expounds the Hans peasant poverty and the national different measures to impoverished peasant.Part V was an introduction of the slave girls and maidservants. The author made a clear distinction to the statue and difference of the national slaves and private slaves, at the same time, the author took a lots of words to explains the fundamentalconcept of the slave who waiting upon the emperor and his family in daily life in imperial court(监户),the slave who engaged in producing in imperial court(官户), the craftsman who had personal freedom in imperial court(宫中工匠) , and the conclusion that the slave family was enormous national slave girls and maidservants. It was special emphasis to the slavery and feudalism social quality that exist side by side before the region of Jin Zhangzong, and correcting the error that the Jin dynasty society was a unitary social nature and feudalized up to the region of Jin Zhangzong.Part VI introduces the major characters of the social estates structure in Jin dynasty. Compared with the Liao dynasty and the Yuan dynasty, the author considered the social estates structure in the Jin dynasty had two clear traits. Firstly, it had some ethnic difference, but was inferior to the Liao dynasty and the Yuan dynasty. Secondly, the hierarchy didn't emerge in the Jin dynasty. In authorial opinions, the first was decided by the Nuchen's agricultural cultural category, and the second was concerned to take strong measures against monks and priests who deluded and confused the common people with religions.In a word, the thesis provided an overall cognition to the social estates structure in Jin dynasty through the systematic studies to the six parts of the article. As for the imperfect thought in thesis, the author would continue to study further in future.